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Register a new userSpectrum and combinatorics of two-dimensional Ramanujan complexes
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Ramanujan graphs have extremal spectral properties, which imply a remarkable combinatorial behavior. In this paper we compute the high dimensional Hodge-Laplace spectrum of Ramanujan triangle complexes, and show that it implies a combinatorial expansion property, and a pseudo-randomness result. For this purpose we prove a Cheeger-type inequality and a mixing lemma of independent interest.
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The cutoff phenomenon was recently confirmed for random walks on Ramanujan graphs by the first author and Peres. In this work, we obtain analogs in higher dimensions, for random walk operators on any Ramanujan complex associated with a simple group $G$ over a local field $F$. We show that if $T$ is any $k$-regular $G$-equivariant operator on the Bruhat-Tits building with a simple combinatorial property (collision-free), the associated random walk on the $n$-vertex Ramanujan complex has cutoff at time $log_k n$. The high dimensional case, unlike that of graphs, requires tools from non-commutative harmonic analysis and the infinite-dimensional representation theory of $G$. Via these, we show that operators $T$ as above on Ramanujan complexes give rise to Ramanujan digraphs with a special property ($r$-normal), implying cutoff. Applications include geodesic flow operators, geometric implications, and a confirmation of the Riemann Hypothesis for the associated zeta functions over every group $G$, previously known for groups of type $widetilde A_n$ and $widetilde C_2$.
Ramanujan complexes are high dimensional simplical complexes generalizing Ramanujan graphs. A result of Oh on quantitative property (T) for Lie groups over local fields is used to deduce a Mixing Lemma for such complexes. As an application we prove that non-partite Ramanujan complexes have high girth and high chromatic number, generalizing a well known result about Ramanujan graphs.
This work lies across three areas (in the title) of investigation that are by themselves of independent interest. A problem that arose in quantum computing led us to a link that tied these areas together. This link consists of a single formal power series with a multifaced interpretation. The deeper exploration of this link yielded results as well as methods for solving some numerical problems in each of these separate areas.
Ramanujan graphs are graphs whose spectrum is bounded optimally. Such graphs have found numerous applications in combinatorics and computer science. In recent years, a high dimensional theory has emerged. In this paper these developments are surveyed. After explaining their connection to the Ramanujan conjecture we will present some old and new results with an emphasis on random walks on these discrete objects and on the Euclidean spheres. The latter lead to golden gates which are of importance in quantum computation.
One powerful method for upper-bounding the largest independent set in a graph is the Hoffman bound, which gives an upper bound on the largest independent set of a graph in terms of its eigenvalues. It is easily seen that the Hoffman bound is sharp on the tensor power of a graph whenever it is sharp for the original graph. In this paper, we introduce the related problem of upper-bounding independent sets in tensor powers of hypergraphs. We show that many of the prominent open problems in extremal combinatorics, such as the Turan problem for (hyper-)graphs, can be encoded as special cases of this problem. We also give a new generalization of the Hoffman bound for hypergraphs which is sharp for the tensor power of a hypergraph whenever it is sharp for the original hypergraph. As an application of our Hoffman bound, we make progress on the problem of Frankl on families of sets without extended triangles from 1990. We show that if $frac{1}{2}nle2klefrac{2}{3}n,$ then the extremal family is the star, i.e. the family of all sets that contains a given element. This covers the entire range in which the star is extremal. As another application, we provide spectral proofs for Mantels theorem on triangle-free graphs and for Frankl-Tokushige theorem on $k$-wise intersecting families.
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