In this paper we use a theorem first proved by S.W.Golomb and a famous inequality by J.B. Rosser and L.Schoenfeld in order to prove that there exists an exact formula for $pi(n)$ which holds infinitely often.
For a cubic algebraic extension $K$ of $mathbb{Q}$, the behavior of the ideal counting function is considered in this paper. Let $a_{K}(n)$ be the number of integral ideals of the field $K$ with norm $n$. An asymptotic formula is given for the sum $$ sumlimits_{n_{1}^2+n_{2}^2leq x}a_{K}(n_{1}^2+n_{2}^2). $$
Let $k,pin mathbb{N}$ with $p$ prime and let $finmathbb{Z}[x_1,x_2]$ be a bivariate polynomial with degree $d$ and all coefficients of absolute value at most $p^k$. Suppose also that $f$ is variable separated, i.e., $f=g_1+g_2$ for $g_iinmathbb{Z}[x_i]$. We give the first algorithm, with complexity sub-linear in $p$, to count the number of roots of $f$ over $mathbb{Z}$ mod $p^k$ for arbitrary $k$: Our Las Vegas randomized algorithm works in time $(dklog p)^{O(1)}sqrt{p}$, and admits a quantum version for smooth curves working in time $(dlog p)^{O(1)}k$. Save for some subtleties concerning non-isolated singularities, our techniques generalize to counting roots of polynomials in $mathbb{Z}[x_1,ldots,x_n]$ over $mathbb{Z}$ mod $p^k$. Our techniques are a first step toward efficient point counting for varieties over Galois rings (which is relevant to error correcting codes over higher-dimensional varieties), and also imply new speed-ups for computing Igusa zeta functions of curves. The latter zeta functions are fundamental in arithmetic geometry.
We consider the summatory function of the number of prime factors for integers $leq x$ over arithmetic progressions. Numerical experiments suggest that some arithmetic progressions consist more number of prime factors than others. Greg Martin conjectured that the difference of the summatory functions should attain a constant sign for all sufficiently large $x$. In this paper, we provide strong evidence for Greg Martins conjecture. Moreover, we derive a general theorem for arithmetic functions from the Selberg class.
Rank-2 Drinfeld modules are a function-field analogue of elliptic curves, and the purpose of this paper is to investigate similarities and differences between rank-2 Drinfeld modules and elliptic curves in terms of supersingularity. Specifically, we provide an explicit formula of a supersingular polynomial for rank-2 Drinfeld modules and prove several basic properties. As an application, we give a numerical example of an asymptotically optimal tower of Drinfeld modular curves.
Stewart (2013) proved that the biggest prime divisor of the $n$th term of a Lucas sequence of integers grows quicker than $n$, answering famous questions of ErdH{o}s and Schinzel. In this note we obtain a fully explicit and, in a sense, uniform version of Stewarts result.