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Register a new userNeutrino Physics from the Cosmic Microwave Background and Large Scale Structure
فيزياء النيوترينو من الخلفية الميكروويف الكونية والهيكل الكبير الحجم
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وهذا هو تقرير حول الحالة والآفاق للكمياء لخصائص النيوترينو من خلال الخلفية النيوترينو الكوسمولوجية للتخطيط الطويل الأجل للتدريب الصيفي للمجتمع للجزئيات والحقول. وتحضر التجارب المخطط لها والتي تشتغل حاليًا لدراسة الخلفية النيوترينو الكوسمولوجية بتفصيل من خلال تأثيرها على علاقات الإبعاد-الإزاحة ونمو الهيكل. وسيحقق البرنامج الوصف في هذا المستند للعقد القادم ، بما في ذلك المسابقات البصرية التي تخص الأجسام eBOSS وDESI وتجربة تلك الجديدة للحصول على التشويش المحفوظ للإشعاع المغناطيسي الشمسي CMB-S4 المرحلة IV ، سيحقق sigma (sum m_nu) = 16 meV وsigma (N_eff) = 0.020. وسينتج تلك القياسات الجيدة للشدة تحديدا للكشف عن قيمة غير صفر لمجموع m_nu ، الحد الأدنى الذي ينبغي أن يتم توضيحه من خلال تلك التلوثات الجوية والشمسية النيوترينو حوالي 58 meV. إذا كان النيوترينو لها هيكل طبيعي للشدة الأدنى ، فسيحظر هذا القياس بشكل قاطع الهيكل المقلوب للشدة النيوترينو ، مشجعا على أحد أبرز الأسئلة المشوشة في نموذج الجزئيات القياسي --- أصل الشدة. وسيسمح هذا القياس الدقيق لـ N_eff للحصول على حساسية عالية لأي القوى الخفية والظلام التي تنتج في البداية الكبرى واختبار دقيق للتنبؤ النموذج الكوسمولوجي القياسي الذي يقول N_eff = 3.046.
This is a report on the status and prospects of the quantification of neutrino properties through the cosmological neutrino background for the Cosmic Frontier of the Division of Particles and Fields Community Summer Study long-term planning exercise. Experiments planned and underway are prepared to study the cosmological neutrino background in detail via its influence on distance-redshift relations and the growth of structure. The program for the next decade described in this document, including upcoming spectroscopic galaxy surveys eBOSS and DESI and a new Stage-IV CMB polarization experiment CMB-S4, will achieve sigma(sum m_nu) = 16 meV and sigma(N_eff) = 0.020. Such a mass measurement will produce a high significance detection of non-zero sum m_nu, whose lower bound derived from atmospheric and solar neutrino oscillation data is about 58 meV. If neutrinos have a minimal normal mass hierarchy, this measurement will definitively rule out the inverted neutrino mass hierarchy, shedding light on one of the most puzzling aspects of the Standard Model of particle physics --- the origin of mass. This precise a measurement of N_eff will allow for high sensitivity to any light and dark degrees of freedom produced in the big bang and a precision test of the standard cosmological model prediction that N_eff = 3.046.
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Fluctuations in the intensity and polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and the large-scale distribution of matter in the universe each contain clues about the nature of the earliest moments of time. The next generation of CMB and large-scale structure (LSS) experiments are poised to test the leading paradigm for these earliest moments---the theory of cosmic inflation---and to detect the imprints of the inflationary epoch, thereby dramatically increasing our understanding of fundamental physics and the early universe. A future CMB experiment with sufficient angular resolution and frequency coverage that surveys at least 1% of the sky to a depth of 1 uK-arcmin can deliver a constraint on the tensor-to-scalar ratio that will either result in a 5-sigma measurement of the energy scale of inflation or rule out all large-field inflation models, even in the presence of foregrounds and the gravitational lensing B-mode signal. LSS experiments, particularly spectroscopic surveys such as the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument, will complement the CMB effort by improving current constraints on running of the spectral index by up to a factor of four, improving constraints on curvature by a factor of ten, and providing non-Gaussianity constraints that are competitive with the current CMB bounds.
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The standard model of cosmology, {Lambda}CDM, is the simplest model that matches the current observations, but it relies on two hypothetical components, to wit, dark matter and dark energy. Future galaxy surveys and cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiments will independently shed light on these components, but a joint analysis that includes cross-correlations will be necessary to extract as much information as possible from the observations. In this paper, we carry out a multi-probe analysis based on pseudo-spectra and test it on publicly available data sets. We use CMB temperature anisotropies and CMB lensing observations from Planck as well as the spectroscopic galaxy and quasar samples of SDSS-III/BOSS, taking advantage of the large areas covered by these surveys. We build a likelihood to simultaneously analyse the auto and cross spectra of CMB lensing and tracer overdensity maps before running Monte-Carlo Markov Chains (MCMC) to assess the constraining power of the combined analysis. We then add the CMB temperature anisotropies likelihood and obtain constraints on cosmological parameters ($H_0$, $omega_b$, $omega_c$, ${ln10^{10}A_s}$, $n_s$ and $z_{re}$) and galaxy biases. We demonstrate that the joint analysis can additionally constrain the total mass of neutrinos ${Sigma m_{ u}}$ as well as the dark energy equation of state $w$ at once (for a total of eight cosmological parameters), which is impossible with either of the data sets considered separately. Finally, we discuss limitations of the analysis related to, e.g., the theoretical precision of the models, particularly in the non-linear regime.
We study how the presence of world-sheet currents affects the evolution of cosmic string networks, and their impact on predictions for the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies generated by these networks. We provide a general description of string networks with currents and explicitly investigate in detail two physically motivated examples: wiggly and superconducting cosmic string networks. By using a modified version of the CMBact code, we show quantitatively how the relevant network parameters in both of these cases influence the predicted CMB signal. Our analysis suggests that previous studies have overestimated the amplitude of the anisotropies for wiggly strings. For superconducting strings the amplitude of the anisotropies depends on parameters which presently are not well known - but which can be measured in future high-resolution numerical simulations.
The cosmic infrared background (CIB) is a powerful probe of large-scale structure across a very large redshift range, and consists of unresolved redshifted infrared emission from dusty galaxies. It can be used to study the astrophysics of galaxies, the star formation history of the universe, and the connection between dark and luminous matter. It can furthermore be used as a tracer of the large-scale structure and thus assist in de-lensing of the cosmic microwave background. The major difficulty in its use lies in obtaining accurate and unbiased large-scale CIB images that are cleaned of the contamination by Galactic dust. We used data on neutral atomic hydrogen from the recently-released HI4PI Survey to create template maps of Galactic dust, allowing us to remove this component from the Planck intensity maps from 353 to 857 GHz for approximately $25%$ of the sky. This allows us to constrain the CIB power spectrum down to $ellgtrsim 70$. We present these CIB maps and the various processing and validation steps that we have performed to ensure their quality, as well as a comparison with previous studies. All our data products are made publicly available at https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/8A1SR3, thereby enabling the community to investigate a wide range of questions related to the universes large-scale structure.
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