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Register a new userEssential normality, essential norms and hyperrigidity
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Let $S = (S_1, ldots, S_d)$ denote the compression of the $d$-shift to the complement of a homogeneous ideal $I$ of $mathbb{C}[z_1, ldots, z_d]$. Arveson conjectured that $S$ is essentially normal. In this paper, we establish new results supporting this conjecture, and connect the notion of essential normality to the theory of the C*-envelope and the noncommutative Choquet boundary. The unital norm closed algebra $mathcal{B}_I$ generated by $S_1,ldots,S_d$ modulo the compact operators is shown to be completely isometrically isomorphic to the uniform algebra generated by polynomials on $overline{V} := overline{mathcal{Z}(I) cap mathbb{B}_d}$, where $mathcal{Z}(I)$ is the variety corresponding to $I$. Consequently, the essential norm of an element in $mathcal{B}_I$ is equal to the sup norm of its Gelfand transform, and the C*-envelope of $mathcal{B}_I$ is identified as the algebra of continuous functions on $overline{V} cap partial mathbb{B}_d$, which means it is a complete invariant of the topology of the variety determined by $I$ in the ball. Motivated by this determination of the C*-envelope of $mathcal{B}_I$, we suggest a new, more qualitative approach to the problem of essential normality. We prove the tuple $S$ is essentially normal if and only if it is hyperrigid as the generating set of a C*-algebra, which is a property closely connected to Arvesons notion of a boundary representation. We show that most of our results hold in a much more general setting. In particular, for most of our results, the ideal $I$ can be replaced by an arbitrary (not necessarily homogeneous) invariant subspace of the $d$-shift.
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In our paper Essential normality, essential norms and hyperrigidity we claimed that the restriction of the identity representation of a certain operator system (constructed from a polynomial ideal) has the unique extension property, however the justification we gave was insufficient. In this note we provide the required justification under some additional assumptions. Fortunately, homogeneous ideals that are sufficiently non-trivial are covered by these assumptions. This affects the section of our paper relating essential normality and hyperrigidity. We show here that Proposition 4.11 and Theorem 4.12 hold under the additional assumptions. We do not know if they hold in the generality considered in our paper.
Given a C$^*$-correspondence $X$, we give necessary and sufficient conditions for the tensor algebra $mathcal T_X^+$ to be hyperrigid. In the case where $X$ is coming from a topological graph we obtain a complete characterization.
Let $mathcal{H}_d^{(t)}$ ($t geq -d$, $t>-3$) be the reproducing kernel Hilbert space on the unit ball $mathbb{B}_d$ with kernel [ k(z,w) = frac{1}{(1-langle z, w rangle)^{d+t+1}} . ] We prove that if an ideal $I triangleleft mathbb{C}[z_1, ldots, z_d]$ (not necessarily homogeneous) has what we call the approximate stable division property, then the closure of $I$ in $mathcal{H}_d^{(t)}$ is $p$-essentially normal for all $p>d$. We then show that all quasi homogeneous ideals in two variables have the stable division property, and combine these two results to obtain a new proof of the fact that the closure of any quasi homogeneous ideal in $mathbb{C}[x,y]$ is $p$-essentially normal for $p>2$.
We characterise, in several complementary ways, etale groupoids with locally compact Hausdorff space of units whose essential groupoid C*-algebra has the ideal intersection property, assuming that the groupoid is either Hausdorff or $sigma$-compact. This leads directly to a characterisation of the simplicity of this C*-algebra which, for Hausdorff groupoids, agrees with the reduced groupoid C*-algebra. Specifically, we prove that the ideal intersection property is equivalent to the absence of essentially confined amenable sections of isotropy groups. For groupoids with compact space of units we moreover show that is equivalent to the uniqueness of equivariant pseudo-expectations and in the minimal case to an appropriate generalisation of Powers averaging property. A key technical idea underlying our results is a new notion of groupoid action on C*-algebras that includes the essential groupoid C*-algebra itself. By considering a relative version of Powers averaging property, we obtain new examples of C*-irreducible inclusions in the sense of R{o}rdam. These arise from the inclusion of the C*-algebra generated by a suitable group representation into a simple groupoid C*-algebra. This is illustrated by the example of the C*-algebra generated by the quasi-regular representation of Thompsons group T with respect to Thompsons group F, which is contained C*-irreducibly in the Cuntz algebra $mathcal{O}_2$.
Given a self-adjoint operator $H_0$ and a relatively $H_0$-compact self-adjoint operator $V,$ the functions $r_j(z) = - sigma_j^{-1}(z),$ where $sigma_j(z)$ are eigenvalues of the compact operator $(H_0-z)^{-1}V,$ bear a lot of important information about the pair $H_0$ and $V.$ We call them coupling resonances. In case of rank one (and positive) perturbation $V,$ there is only one coupling resonance function, which is a Herglotz function. This case has been studied in depth in the literature, and appears in different situations, such as Sturm-Liouville theory, random Schrodinger operators, harnomic and spectral analyses, etc. The general case is complicated by the fact that the resonance functions are no longer single valued holomorphic functions, and potentially can have quite an erratic behaviour, typical for infinitely-valued holomorphic functions. Of special interest are those coupling resonance functions $r_z$ which approach a real number $r_{lambda+i0}$ from the interval $[0,1]$ as the spectral parameter $z=lambda+iy$ approaches a point $lambda$ of the essential spectrum, since they are responsible for spectral flow through $lambda$ inside essential spectrum when $H_0$ gets deformed to $H_1 = H_0+V$ via the path $H_0 + rV, r in [0,1].$ In this paper it is shown that if the pair $H_0,$ $V$ satisfies the limiting absorption principle, then the coupling resonance functions are well-behaved near the essential spectrum in the following sense. Let $I$ be an open interval inside the essential spectrum of $H_0$ and $epsilon>0.$ Then there exists a compact subset~$K$ of~$I$ such that $| I setminus K | < epsilon,$ and $K$ has a non-tangential neighbourhood in the upper complex half-plane, such that any coupling resonance function is either single-valued in the neighbourhood, or does not take a real value in the interval $[0,1].$
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