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Register a new userAll optical Amplification in Metallic Subwavelength Linear Waveguides
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Proposed all optical amplification scenario is based on the properties of light propagation in two coupled subwavelength metallic slab waveguides where for particular choice of waveguide parameters two propagating (symmetric) and non-propagating (antisymmetric) eigenmodes coexist. For such a setup incident beams realize boundary conditions for forming a stationary state as a superposition of mentioned eigenmodes. It is shown both analytically and numerically that amplification rate in this completely linear mechanism diverges for small signal values.
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We introduce a weakly coupled photonic crystal waveguide as a promising and realistic model for all-optical amplification. A symmetric pillar type coupled photonic crystal waveguide consisting of dielectric rods periodically distributed in a free space is proposed as all-optical amplifier. Using the unique features of the photonic crystals to control and guide the light, we have properly chosen the frequency at which only one mode (odd mode) becomes the propagating mode in the coupled photonic crystal waveguide, whereas another mode (even mode) is completely reflected from the guiding structure. Under this condition, the all-optical amplification is fully realized. The amplification coefficient for the continuous signal and the Gaussian pulse is calculated.
All-optical amplification of the light pulse in a weakly coupled two nonlinear photonic crystal waveguides (PCWs) is proposed. We consider pillar-type PCWs, which consist of the periodically distributed circular rods made from a Kerr-type dielectric material. Dispersion diagrams of the symmetric and antisymmetric modes are calculated. The operating frequency is properly chosen to be located at the edge of the dispersion diagram of the modes. In the linear case no propagation modes are excited at this frequency, however, in case of nonlinear medium when the amplitude of the injected signal is above some threshold value, the solitons are formed and they are propagating inside the coupled nonlinear PCWs. Near field distributions of the light pulse propagation inside the coupled nonlinear PCWs and the output powers of the registered signals are studied in a detail. The amplification coefficient is calculated at the various amplitudes of the launched signal. The results vividly demonstrate the effectiveness of the weakly coupled nonlinear PCWs as all-optical digital amplifier.
Strong amplification in integrated photonics is one of the most desired optical functionalities for computing, communications, sensing, and quantum information processing. Semiconductor gain and cubic nonlinearities, such as four-wave mixing and stimulated Raman and Brillouin scattering, have been among the most studied amplification mechanisms on chip. Alternatively, material platforms with strong quadratic nonlinearities promise numerous advantages with respect to gain and bandwidth, among which nanophotonic lithium niobate is one of the most promising candidates. Here, we combine quasi-phase matching with dispersion engineering in nanophotonic lithium niobate waveguides and achieve intense optical parametric amplification. We measure a broadband phase-sensitive amplification larger than 45 dB/cm in a 2.5-mm-long waveguide. We further confirm high gain operation in the degenerate and non-degenerate regimes by amplifying vacuum fluctuations to macroscopic levels in a 6-mm-long waveguide, with gains exceeding 100 dB/cm over 600 nm of bandwidth around 2 $mu$m. Our results unlock new possibilities for on-chip few-cycle nonlinear optics, mid-infrared photonics, and quantum photonics.
Nanoscale amplification of non-linear processes in solid-state devices opens novel applications in nano-electronics, nano-medicine or high energy conversion for example. Coupling few nano-joules laser energy at a nanometer scale for strong field physics is demonstrated. We report enhancement of high harmonic generation in nano-structured semiconductors using nanoscale amplification of a mid-infrared laser in the sample rather than using large laser amplifier systems. Field amplification is achieved through light confinement in nano-structured semiconductor 3D waveguides. The high harmonic nano-converter consists of an array of zinc-oxide nanocones. They exhibit a large amplification volume, 6 orders of magnitude larger than previously reported and avoid melting observed in metallic plasmonic structures. The amplification of high harmonics is observed by coupling only 5-10 nano-joules of a 3.2 {mu}m high repetition-rate OPCPA laser at the entrance of each nanocone. Harmonic amplification (factor 30) depends on the laser energy input, wavelength and nanocone geometry.
In recent years we are witnessing a flourish in research aimed to facilitate alkali vapors in guided wave configurations. Owing to the significant reduction in device dimensions, the increase in density of states, the interaction with surfaces and primarily the high intensities carried along the structure, a rich world of light vapor interactions can be studied, and new functionalities, e.g. low power nonlinear light-matter interactions can be achieved. One immense remaining challenge is to study the effects of quantum coherence and shifts in such nano-scale waveguides, characterized by ultra-small mode areas and fast dynamics. Here, we construct a serpentine silicon-nitride wave guide, having atomic vapor as its cladding. The unprecedented mode volume of 5e-13 m^3 supported over a length of 17 mm is used to demonstrate efficient linear and non-linear spectroscopy. Fascinating and important phenomena such as van der Waals shifts, dynamical stark shifts, and coherent effects such as strong coupling (in the form of Autler Townes splitting) are all observed. The serpentine atomic cladding is a promising building block for a variety of light vapor experiments, as it offers a very small footprint, enables operation with relatively low density of atoms and extremely strong confinement of light and vapor. As such it may be used for important applications, such as all optical switching, frequency referencing, and magnetometry to name a few.
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