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Register a new userFlavored Dark Matter: A Review
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Jennifer Kile
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The current status of flavored dark matter is reviewed. We discuss the main experimental constraints on models of flavored dark matter and survey some possible considerations which are relevant for the constructions of models. We then review the application of existing flavor principles to dark matter, with an emphasis on minimal flavor violation, and discuss implications of flavored dark matter on collider phenomenology.
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It is an intriguing possibility that dark matter (DM) could have flavor quantum numbers like the quarks. We propose and investigate a class of UV-complete models of this kind, in which the dark matter is in a scalar triplet of an SU(3) flavor symmetry, and interacts with quarks via a colored flavor-singlet fermionic mediator. Such mediators could be discovered at the LHC if their masses are $sim 1$ TeV. We constrain the DM-mediator couplings using relic abundance, direct detection, and flavor-changing neutral-current considerations. We find that, for reasonable values of its couplings, scalar flavored DM can contribute significantly to the real and imaginary parts of the $B_s$-$bar B_s$ mixing amplitude. We further assess the potential for such models to explain the galactic center GeV gamma-ray excess.
We consider the possibility that dark matter can communicate with the Standard Model fields via flavor interactions. We take the dark matter to belong to a dark sector which contains at least two types, or flavors, of particles and then hypothesize that the Standard Model fields and dark matter share a common interaction which depends on flavor. As, generically, interaction eigenstates and mass eigenstates need not coincide, we consider both flavor-changing and flavor-conserving interactions. These interactions are then constrained by meson decays, kaon mixing, and current collider bounds, and we examine their relevance for direct detection and LHC.
This is the mini-review on Dark Matter in the 2012 edition of the Particle Data Groups Review of Particle Properties. After briefly summarizing the arguments in favor of the existence of Dark Matter, we list possible candidates, ranging in mass from a fraction of an eV (e.g., axions) to many solar masses (e.g., primordial black holes), and discuss ways to detect them. The main emphasis is on Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs). A large international effort is being made to detect them directly, or else to detect their annihilation products. We explain why we consider all claims to have established a positive signal for WIMPs in either direct or indirect detection to be premature. We also introduce the concept of a {it WIMP safe} minimal mass; below this mass, the interpretation of a given direct search experiment depends strongly on the tail of the WIMP velocity distribution and/or on the experimental energy resolution.
Phenomenological studies of Flavored Dark Matter (FDM) models often have to assume a near-diagonal flavor structure in the coupling matrix in order to remain consistent with bounds from flavor violating processes. In this paper we show that for Lepton FDM, such a structure can naturally arise from an extra dimensional setup. The extra dimension is taken to be flat, with the dark matter and mediator fields confined to a brane on one end of the extra dimension, and the Higgs field to a brane on the other end. The Standard Model fermion and gauge fields are the zero modes of corresponding bulk fields with appropriate boundary conditions. Global flavor symmetries exist in the bulk and on the FDM brane, while they are broken on the Higgs brane. Flavor violating processes arise due to the misalignment of bases for which the interactions on the two branes are diagonalized, and their size can be controlled by a choice of the lepton profiles along the extra dimension. By studying the parameter space for the model, we show that when relic abundance and indirect detection constraints are satisfied, the rates for flavor violating processes such as $muto egamma$ remain far below the experimental limits.
The nature of dark matter (DM) and dark energy (DE) which is supposed to constitute about 95% of the energy density of the universe is still a mystery. There is no shortage of ideas regarding the nature of both. While some candidates for DM are clearly ruled out, there is still a plethora of viable particles that fit the bill. In the context of DE, while current observations favour a cosmological constant picture, there are other competing models that are equally likely. This paper reviews the different possible candidates for DM including exotic candidates and their possible detection. This review also covers the different models for DE and the possibility of unified models for DM and DE. Keeping in mind the negative results in some of the ongoing DM detection experiments, here we also review the possible alternatives to both DM and DE (such as MOND and modifications of general relativity) and possible means of observationally distinguishing between the alternatives.
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