In this work there are considered model problems for two nonlinear equations, which type depends on the solution. One of the equations may be called a nonlinear analog of the Lavrentev-Bitsadze equation.
We consider the inverse spectral theory of vibrating string equations. In this regard, first eigenvalue Ambarzumyan-type uniqueness theorems are stated and proved subject to separated, self-adjoint boundary conditions. More precisely, it is shown that there is a curve in the boundary parameters domain on which no analog of it is possible. Necessary conditions of the $n$-th eigenvalue are identified, which allows to state the theorems. In addition, several properties of the first eigenvalue are examined. Lower and upper bounds are identified, and the areas are described in the boundary parameters domain on which the sign of the first eigenvalue remains unchanged. This paper contributes to inverse spectral theory as well as to direct spectral theory.
The biharmonic supercritical equation $Delta^2u=|u|^{p-1}u$, where $n>4$ and $p>(n+4)/(n-4)$, is studied in the whole space $mathbb{R}^n$ as well as in a modified form with $lambda(1+u)^p$ as right-hand-side with an additional eigenvalue parameter $lambda>0$ in the unit ball, in the latter case together with Dirichlet boundary conditions. As for entire regular radial solutions we prove oscillatory behaviour around the explicitly known radial {it singular} solution, provided $pin((n+4)/(n-4),p_c)$, where $p_cin ((n+4)/(n-4),infty]$ is a further critical exponent, which was introduced in a recent work by Gazzola and the second author. The third author proved already that these oscillations do not occur in the complementing case, where $pge p_c$. Concerning the Dirichlet problem we prove existence of at least one singular solution with corresponding eigenvalue parameter. Moreover, for the extremal solution in the bifurcation diagram for this nonlinear biharmonic eigenvalue problem, we prove smoothness as long as $pin((n+4)/(n-4),p_c)$.
We study inverse problems for semilinear elliptic equations with fractional power type nonlinearities. Our arguments are based on the higher order linearization method, which helps us to solve inverse problems for certain nonlinear equations in cases where the solution for a corresponding linear equation is not known. By using a fractional order adaptation of this method, we show that the results of [LLLS20a, LLLS20b] remain valid for general power type nonlinearities.
Many science phenomena are described as interacting particle systems (IPS). The mean field limit (MFL) of large all-to-all coupled deterministic IPS is given by the solution of a PDE, the Vlasov Equation (VE). Yet, many applications demand IPS coupled on networks/graphs. In this paper, we are interested in IPS on directed graphs, or digraphs for short. It is interesting to know, how the limit of a sequence of digraphs associated with the IPS influences the macroscopic MFL of the IPS. This paper studies VEs on a generalized digraph, regarded as limit of a sequence of digraphs, which we refer to as a digraph measure (DGM) to emphasize that we work with its limit via measures. We provide (i) unique existence of solutions of the VE on continuous DGMs, and (ii) discretization of the solution of the VE by empirical distributions supported on solutions of an IPS via ODEs coupled on a sequence of digraphs converging to the given DGM. The result substantially extends results on one-dimensional Kuramoto-type models and we allow the underlying digraphs to be not necessarily dense. The technical contribution of this paper is a generalization of Neunzerts in-cell-particle approach from a measure-theoretic viewpoint, which is different from the known techniques in $L^p$-functions using graphons and their generalization via harmonic analysis of locally compact Abelian groups. Finally, we apply our results to various models in higher-dimensional Euclidean spaces in epidemiology, ecology, and social sciences.
We consider the $L_t^2L_x^r$ estimates for the solutions to the wave and Schrodinger equations in high dimensions. For the homogeneous estimates, we show $L_t^2L_x^infty$ estimates fail at the critical regularity in high dimensions by using stable Levy process in $R^d$. Moreover, we show that some spherically averaged $L_t^2L_x^infty$ estimate holds at the critical regularity. As a by-product we obtain Strichartz estimates with angular smoothing effect. For the inhomogeneous estimates, we prove double $L_t^2$-type estimates.