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Register a new userThe elastic depinning transition of vortex lattices in two dimensions
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Large scale numerical simulations are used to study the elastic dynamics of two-dimensional vortex lattices driven on a disordered medium in the case of weak disorder. We investigate the so-called elastic depinning transition by decreasing the driving force from the elastic dynamical regime to the state pinned by the quenched disorder. Similarly to the plastic depinning transition, we find results compatible with a second order phase transition, although both depinning transitions are very different from many viewpoints. We evaluate three critical exponents of the elastic depinning transition. $beta = 0.29 pm 0.03$ is found for the velocity exponent at zero temperature, and from the velocity-temperature curves we extract the critical exponent $delta^{-1} = 0.28 pm 0.05$. Furthermore, in contrast with charge-density waves, a finite-size scaling analysis suggests the existence of a unique diverging length at the depinning threshold with an exponent $ u= 1.04 pm 0.04$, which controls the critical force distribution, the finite-size crossover force distribution and the intrinsic correlation length. Finally, a scaling relation is found between velocity and temperature with the $beta$ and $delta$ critical exponents both independent with regard to pinning strength and disorder realizations.
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Using molecular dynamics simulations, we report a study of the dynamics of two-dimensional vortex lattices driven over a disordered medium. In strong disorder, when topological order is lost, we show that the depinning transition is analogous to a second order critical transition: the velocity-force response at the onset of motion is continuous and characterized by critical exponents. Combining studies at zero and nonzero temperature and using a scaling analysis, two critical expo- nents are evaluated. We find vsim (F-F_c)^beta with beta=1.3pm0.1 at T=0 and F>F_c, and vsim T^{1/delta} with delta^{-1}=0.75pm0.1 at F=F_c, where F_c is the critical driving force at which the lattice goes from a pinned state to a sliding one. Both critical exponents and the scaling function are found to exhibit universality with regard to the pinning strength and different disorder realizations. Furthermore, the dynamics is shown to be chaotic in the whole critical region.
We consider dislocations in a vortex lattice that is driven in a two-dimensional superconductor with random impurities. The structure and dynamics of dislocations is studied in this genuine nonequilibrium situation on the basis of a coarse-grained equation of motion for the displacement field. The presence of dislocations leads to a characteristic anisotropic distortion of the vortex density that is controlled by a Kardar-Parisi-Zhang nonlinearity in the coarse-grained equation of motion. This nonlinearity also implies a screening of the interaction between dislocations and thereby an instability of the vortex lattice to the proliferation of free dislocations.
A profound change occurs in the stability of quantized vortices in externally applied flow of superfluid 3He-B at temperatures ~ 0.6 Tc, owing to the rapidly decreasing damping in vortex motion with decreasing temperature. At low damping an evolving vortex may become unstable and generate a new independent vortex loop. This single-vortex instability is the generic precursor to turbulence. We investigate the instability with non-invasive NMR measurements on a rotating cylindrical sample in the intermediate temperature regime (0.3 - 0.6) Tc. From comparisons with numerical calculations we interpret that the instability occurs at the container wall, when the vortex end moves along the wall in applied flow.
In this letter we show that the vortex lattice structure in the Bose-Fermi superfluid mixture can undergo a sequence of structure transitions when the Fermi superfluid is tuned from the BCS regime to the BEC regime. This is due to different vortex core structure of the Fermi superfluid in the BCS regime and in the BEC regime. In the former the vortex core is nearly filled, while the density at the vortex core gradually decreases until it empties out at the BEC regime. Therefore, with the density-density interaction between the Bose and the Fermi superfluids, the two sets of vortex lattices interact stronger in the BEC regime that yields the structure transition of vortex lattices. In view of recent realization of this superfluid mixture and vortices therein, our theoretical predication can be verified experimentally in near future.
The Edwards-Wilkinson (EW) growth of $1+1$ interface is considered in the background of the correlated random noise. We use random Coulomb potential as the background long-range correlated noise. A depinning transition is observed in a critical driving force $F_capprox 0.37$ in the vicinity of which the final velocity of the interface varies linearly with time. Our data collapse analysis for the velocity shows a crossover time $t^*$ at which the velocity is size independent. Based on a two-variable scaling analysis, we extract the exponents, which are different from all universality classes we are aware of. Especially noting that the dynamic and roughness exponents are $z_w=1.55pm 0.05$, and $alpha_w=1.05pm 0.05$ at the criticality, we conclude that the system is different from both EW and KPZ universality classes. Our analysis shows therefore that making the noise long-range-correlated, drives the system out of EW universality class. The simulations on the tilted lattice shows that the non-linearity term ($lambda$ term in the KPZ equations) goes to zero in the thermodynamic limit.
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