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Register a new userGlobal Asymptotics of the Second Painleve Equation in Okamotos Space
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We study the solutions of the second Painleve equation in the space of initial conditions first constructed by Okamoto, in the limit as the independent variable, x, goes to infinity. Simultaneously, we study solutions of the related equation known as the thirty-fourth Painleve equation. By considering degenerate cases of the autonomous flow, we recover the known special solutions, which are either rational functions or expressible in terms of Airy functions. We show that the solutions that do not vanish at infinity possess an infinite number of poles. An essential element of our construction is the proof that the union of exceptional lines is a repellor for the dynamics in Okamotos space. Moreover, we show that the limit set of the solutions exists and is compact and connected.
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We study the asymptotic behaviour of solutions of the fourth Pain-leve equation as the independent variable goes to infinity in its space of (complex) initial values, which is a generalisation of phase space described by Okamoto. We show that the limit set of each solution is compact and connected and, moreover, that any non-special solution has an infinite number of poles and infinite number of zeroes.
We consider the generalized Painleve--Ince equation, begin{equation*} ddot{x}+alpha xdot{x}+beta x^{3}=0 end{equation*} and we perform a detailed study in terms of symmetry analysis and of the singularity analysis. When the free parameters are related as $beta =alpha ^{2}/9~$the given differential equation is maximally symmetric and well-known that it pass the Painlev{e} test. For arbitrary parameters we find that there exists only two Lie point symmetries which can be used to reduce the differential equation into an algebraic equation. However, the generalized Painlev{e}--Ince equation fails at the Painlev{e} test, except if we apply the singularity analysis for the new second-order differential equation which follows from the change of variable $x=1/y.$ We conclude that the Painlev{e}--Ince equation is integrable is terms of Lie symmetries and of the Painlev{e} test.
We construct the initial-value space of a $q$-discrete first Painleve equation explicitly and describe the behaviours of its solutions $w(n)$ in this space as $ntoinfty$, with particular attention paid to neighbourhoods of exceptional lines and irreducible components of the anti-canonical divisor. These results show that trajectories starting in domains bounded away from the origin in initial value space are repelled away from such singular lines. However, the dynamical behaviours in neighbourhoods containing the origin are complicated by the merger of two simple base points at the origin in the limit. We show that these lead to a saddle-point-type behaviour in a punctured neighbourhood of the origin.
Iorgov, Lisovyy, and Teschner established a connection between isomonodromic deformation of linear differential equations and Liouville conformal field theory at $c=1$. In this paper we present a $q$ analog of their construction. We show that the general solution of the $q$-Painleve VI equation is a ratio of four tau functions, each of which is given by a combinatorial series arising in the AGT correspondence. We also propose conjectural bilinear equations for the tau functions.
A theoretical foundation for a generalization of the elliptic difference Painleve equation to higher dimensions is provided in the framework of birational Weyl group action on the space of point configurations in general position in a projective space. By introducing an elliptic parametrization of point configurations, a realization of the Weyl group is proposed as a group of Cremona transformations containing elliptic functions in the coefficients. For this elliptic Cremona system, a theory of $tau$-functions is developed to translate it into a system of bilinear equations of Hirota-Miwa type for the $tau$-functions on the lattice.
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