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We establish the group-theoretic classification of Sato-Tate groups of self-dual motives of weight 3 with rational coefficients and Hodge numbers h^{3,0} = h^{2,1} = h^{1,2} = h^{0,3} = 1. We then describe families of motives that realize some of these Sato-Tate groups, and provide numerical evidence supporting equidistribution. One of these families arises in the middle cohomology of certain Calabi-Yau threefolds appearing in the Dwork quintic pencil; for motives in this family, our evidence suggests that the Sato-Tate group is always equal to the full unitary symplectic group USp(4).
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Given an abelian variety over a number field, its Sato-Tate group is a compact Lie group which conjecturally controls the distribution of Euler factors of the L-function of the abelian variety. It was previously shown by Fite, Kedlaya, Rotger, and Sutherland that there are 52 groups (up to conjugation) that occur as Sato-Tate groups of abelian surfaces over number fields; we show here that for abelian threefolds, there are 410 possible Sato-Tate groups, of which 33 are maximal with respect to inclusions of finite index. We enumerate candidate groups using the Hodge-theoretic construction of Sato-Tate groups, the classification of degree-3 finite linear groups by Blichfeldt, Dickson, and Miller, and a careful analysis of Shimuras theory of CM types that rules out 23 candidate groups; we cross-check this using extensive computations in Gap, SageMath, and Magma. To show that these 410 groups all occur, we exhibit explicit examples of abelian threefolds realizing each of the 33 maximal groups; we also compute moments of the corresponding distributions and numerically confirm that they are consistent with the statistics of the associated L-functions.
Let $S$ be the spectrum of a complete discrete valuation ring with fraction field of characteristic 0 and perfect residue field of characteristic $pgeq 3$. Let $G$ be a truncated Barsotti-Tate group of level 1 over $S$. If ``$G$ is not too supersingular, a condition that will be explicitly expressed in terms of the valuation of a certain determinant, we prove that we can canonically lift the kernel of the Frobenius endomorphism of its special fibre to a subgroup scheme of $G$, finite and flat over $S$. We call it the canonical subgroup of $G$.
For distinct odd primes $p$ and $q$, we define the Catalan curve $C_{p,q}$ by the affine equation $y^q=x^p-1$. In this article we construct the Sato-Tate groups of the Jacobians in order to study the limiting distributions of coefficients of their normalized L-polynomials.Catalan Jacobians are nondegenerate and simple with noncyclic Galois groups (of the endomorphism fields over $mathbb Q$), thus making them interesting varieties to study in the context of Sato-Tate groups. We compute both statistical and numerical moments for the limiting distributions. Lastly, we determine the Galois endomorphism types of the Jacobians using both old and new techniques.
The aim of this article is to prove, using complex Abel-Jacobi maps, that the subgroup generated by Heegner cycles associated with a fixed imaginary quadratic field in the Griffiths group of a Kuga-Sato variety over a modular curve has infinite rank. This generalises a classical result of Chad Schoen for the Kuga-Sato threefold, and complements work of Amnon Besser on complex multiplication cycles over Shimura curves. The proof relies on a formula for the image of Heegner cycles under the complex Abel-Jacobi map given in terms of explicit line integrals of even weight cusp forms on the complex upper half-plane. The latter is deduced from previous joint work of the author with Massimo Bertolini, Henri Darmon, and Kartik Prasanna by exploiting connections with generalised Heegner cycles. As a corollary, it is proved that the Griffiths group of the product of a Kuga-Sato variety with powers of an elliptic curve with complex multiplication has infinite rank. This recovers results of Ashay Burungale by a different and more direct approach.
We give some arithmetic-geometric interpretations of the moments M_2[a_1], M_1[a_2], and M_1[s_2] of the Sato-Tate group of an abelian variety A defined over a number field by relating them to the ranks of the endomorphism ring and Neron-Severi group of A.
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