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Frequency Resolved Optical Gating for Time-Resolving Intra-Atomic Knock-Out in Double Ionization with Attosecond Pulses

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 Added by Hugh Price
 Publication date 2012
  fields Physics
and research's language is English




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We develop the two-electron attosecond streak camera under realistic conditions using a quasi-classical model. We assume extreme ultra-violet (XUV) attosecond pulses with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 24 attoseconds, centered at 120 eV and a streaking infrared laser field of 1600 nm, and intensity of $1.8 times 10^{12}$ W/cm$^2$. The proposed method is shown to be capable to time resolve intra-atomic collisions in double ionization.



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Light-induced states are commonly observed in the photoionization spectra of laser-dressed atoms. The properties of autoionizing polaritons, entangled states of light and Auger resonances, however, are largely unexplored. We employ attosecond transient-absorption spectroscopy to study the evolution of autoionizing states in argon, dressed by a tunable femtosecond laser pulse. The avoided crossings between the $3s^{-1}4p$ and several light-induced states indicates the formation of polariton multiplets. We measure a controllable stabilization of the polaritons against ionization, in excellent agreement with emph{ab initio} theory. Using an extension of the Jaynes-Cummings model to autoionizing states, we show that this stabilization is due to the destructive interference between the Auger decay and the radiative ionization of the polaritonic components. These results give new insights into the optical control of electronic structure in the continuum, and unlock the door to applications of autoionizing polaritons in poly-electronic systems.
We investigate the role of electron correlation in the two-photon double ionization of helium for ultrashort XUV pulses with durations ranging from a hundred attoseconds to a few femtoseconds. We perform time-dependent ab initio calculations for pulses with mean frequencies in the so-called sequential regime (photon energy above 54.4 eV). Electron correlation induced by the time correlation between emission events manifests itself in the angular distribution of the ejected electrons, which strongly depends on the energy sharing between them. We show that for ultrashort pulses two-photon double ionization probabilities scale non-uniformly with pulse duration depending on the energy sharing between the electrons. Most interestingly we find evidence for an interference between direct (nonsequential) and indirect (sequential) double photo-ionization with intermediate shake-up states, the strength of which is controlled by the pulse duration. This observation may provide a route toward measuring the pulse duration of FEL pulses.
We present the first experimental data on strong-field ionization of atomic hydrogen by few-cycle laser pulses. We obtain quantitative agreement at the 10% level between the data and an {it ab initio} simulation over a wide range of laser intensities and electron energies.
We propose a new scenario to apply IR-pump-XUV-probe schemes to resolving strong field ionization induced and attosecond pulse driven electron-hole dynamics and coherence in real time. The coherent driving of both the infrared laser and the attoscond pulse correlates the dynamics of the core-hole and the valence-hole which leads to the otherwise forbidden absorption and emission of XUV photon. An analytical model is developed based on the strong-field approximation by taking into account of the essential multielectron configurations. The emission spectra from the core-valence transition and the core-hole recombination are found modulating strongly as functions of the time delay between the two pulses, which provides a unique insight into the instantaneous ionization and the interplay of the multi-electron-hole coherence.
We study photoionization of argon atoms excited by attosecond pulses using an interferometric measurement technique. We measure the difference in time delays between electrons emitted from the $3s^2$ and from the $3p^6$ shell, at different excitation energies ranging from 32 to 42 eV. The determination of single photoemission time delays requires to take into account the measurement process, involving the interaction with a probing infrared field. This contribution can be estimated using an universal formula and is found to account for a substantial fraction of the measured delay.
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