Subscribe to the gold package and get unlimited access to Shamra Academy
Register a new userModelling non-dust fluids in cosmology
54
0
0.0
(
0
)
Added by
Adam J. Christopherson
Publication date
2012
fields
Physics
and research's language is
English
Ask ChatGPT about the research
No Arabic abstract
Currently, most of the numerical simulations of structure formation use Newtonian gravity. When modelling pressureless dark matter, or `dust, this approach gives the correct results for scales much smaller than the cosmological horizon, but for scenarios in which the fluid has pressure this is no longer the case. In this article, we present the correspondence of perturbations in Newtonian and cosmological perturbation theory, showing exact mathematical equivalence for pressureless matter, and giving the relativistic corrections for matter with pressure. As an example, we study the case of scalar field dark matter which features non-zero pressure perturbations. We discuss some problems which may arise when evolving the perturbations in this model with Newtonian numerical simulations and with CMB Boltzmann codes.
rate research
Read More
Observational cosmology in the next decade will rely on probes of the distribution of matter in the redshift range between $0<z<3$ to elucidate the nature of dark matter and dark energy. In this redshift range, galaxy formation is known to have a significant impact on observables such as two-point correlations of galaxy shapes and positions, altering their amplitude and scale dependence beyond the expected statistical uncertainty of upcoming experiments at separations under 10 Mpc. Successful extraction of information in such a regime thus requires, at the very least, unbiased models for the impact of galaxy formation on the matter distribution, and can benefit from complementary observational priors. This work reviews the current state of the art in the modelling of baryons for cosmology, from numerical methods to approximate analytical prescriptions, and makes recommendations for studies in the next decade, including a discussion of potential probe combinations that can help constrain the role of baryons in cosmological studies. We focus, in particular, on the modelling of the matter power spectrum, $P(k,z)$, as a function of scale and redshift, and of the observables derived from this quantity. This work is the result of a workshop held at the University of Oxford in November of 2018.
One of the fundamental assumptions of the standard $Lambda$CDM cosmology is that, on large scales, all the matter-energy components of the Universe share a common rest frame. This seems natural for the visible sector, that has been in thermal contact and tightly coupled in the primeval Universe. The dark sector, on the other hand, does not have any non-gravitational interaction known to date and therefore, there is no a priori reason to impose that it is comoving with ordinary matter. In this work we explore the consequences of relaxing this assumption and study the cosmology of non-comoving fluids. We show that it is possible to construct a homogeneous and isotropic cosmology with a collection of fluids moving with non-relativistic velocities. Our model extends $Lambda$CDM with the addition of a single free parameter $beta_0$, the initial velocity of the visible sector with respect to the frame that observes a homogeneous and isotropic universe. This modification gives rise to a rich phenomenology, while being consistent with current observations for $beta_0<1.6times 10^{-3} text{(95% CL)}$. This work establishes the general framework to describe a non-comoving cosmology and extracts its first observational consequences for large-scale structure. Among the observable effects, we find sizeable modifications in the density-velocity and density-lensing potential cross-correlation spectra. These corrections give rise to deviations from statistical isotropy with a dipolar structure. The relative motion between the different fluids also couples the vector and scalar modes, the latter acting as sources for metric vector modes and vorticity for all the species.
The non-Gaussianity of inflationary perturbations, as encoded in the bispectrum (or 3-point correlator), has become an important additional way of distinguishing between inflation models, going beyond the linear Gaussian perturbation quantities of the power spectrum. This habilitation thesis provides a review of my work on both the theoretical and the observational aspects of these non-Gaussianities. In the first part a formalism is described, called the long-wavelength formalism, that provides a way to compute the non-Gaussianities in multiple-field inflation. Applications of this formalism to various classes of models, as well as its extensions, are also treated. In the second part an estimator is described, called the binned bispectrum estimator, that allows the extraction of information about non-Gaussianities from data of the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB). It was in particular one of the three estimators applied to the data of the Planck satellite to provide the currently best constraints on primordial non-Gaussianity. Various extensions of the estimator and results obtained are also discussed.
Modelling sediment transport in environmental turbulent fluids is a challenge. This article develops a sound model of the lateral transport of suspended sediment in environmental fluid flows such as floods and tsunamis. The model is systematically derived from a 3D turbulence model based on the Smagorinski large eddy closure. Embedding the physical dynamics into a family of problems and analysing linear dynamics of the system, centre manifold theory indicates the existence of slow manifold parametrised by macroscale variables. Computer algebra then constructs the slow manifold in terms of fluid depth, depth-averaged lateral velocities, and suspended sediment concentration. The model includes the effects of sediment erosion, advection, dispersion, and also the interactions between the sediment and turbulent fluid flow. Vertical distributions of the velocity and concentration in steady flow agree with the established experimental data. Numerical simulations of the suspended sediment under large waves show that the developed model predicts physically reasonable phenomena.
Interest rises to exploit the full shape information of the galaxy power spectrum, as well as pushing analyses to smaller non-linear scales. Here I use the halo model to quantify the information content in the tomographic angular power spectrum of galaxies, for future high resolution surveys : Euclid and SKA2. I study how this information varies as a function of the scale cut applied, either with angular cut $ell_{max}$ or physical cut kmax. For this, I use analytical covariances with the most complete census of non-Gaussian terms, which proves critical. I find that the Fisher information on most cosmological and astrophysical parameters follows a striking behaviour. Beyond the perturbative regime we first get decreasing returns : the information keeps rising but the slope slows down until reaching a saturation. The location of this plateau is a bit beyond the reach of current modeling methods : k $sim$ 2 Mpc$^{-1}$ and slightly depends on the parameter and redshift bin considered. I explain the origin of this plateau, which is due to non-linear effects both on the power spectrum, and more importantly on non-Gaussian covariance terms. Then, pushing further on I find that information rises again in the highly non-linear regime. I find that the cosmological information in this small scale miracle can indeed be disentangled from astrophysical information and yield large improvements. Pushing SKA2 analysis from kmax=1 Mpc$^{-1}$ to kmax=10 Mpc$^{-1}$ can improve the error bar on $sigma_8$ by a factor 9 and the error bar on the Dark Energy equation of state $w_0$ by a factor 5. Finally I show that high order statistics beyond the power spectrum should yield further significant improvements in this regime, with the improvements increasing when pushing kmax. Data and notebooks reproducing all plots and results will be made available at url{https://github.com/fabienlacasa/SmallScaleMiracle}
Log in to be able to interact and post comments
comments
Fetching comments
Sign in to be able to follow your search criteria
