No Arabic abstract
In-medium ${bar K}N$ scattering amplitudes developed within a new chirally motivated coupled-channel model due to Cieply and Smejkal that fits the recent SIDDHARTA kaonic hydrogen 1s level shift and width are used to construct $K^-$ nuclear potentials for calculations of $K^-$ nuclear quasi-bound states. The strong energy and density dependence of scattering amplitudes at and near threshold leads to $K^-$ potential depths $-Re V_K approx 80 -120$ MeV. Self-consistent calculations of all $K^-$ nuclear quasi-bound states, including excited states, are reported. Model dependence, polarization effects, the role of p-wave interactions, and two-nucleon $K^-NNrightarrow YN$ absorption modes are discussed. The $K^-$ absorption widths $Gamma_K$ are comparable or even larger than the corresponding binding energies $B_K$ for all $K^-$ nuclear quasi-bound states, exceeding considerably the level spacing. This discourages search for $K^-$ nuclear quasi-bound states in any but lightest nuclear systems.
The $Xi$ single-particle potential obtained in nuclear matter with the next-to-leading order baryon-baryon interactions in chiral effective field theory is applied to finite nuclei by an improved local-density approximation method. As a premise, phase shifts of $Xi N$ elastic scattering and the results of Faddeev calculations for the $Xi NN$ bound state problem are presented to show the properties of the $Xi N$ interactions in the present parametrization. First, the $Xi$ states in $^{14}$N are revisited because of the recent experimental progress, including the discussion on the $Xi N$ spin-orbit interaction that is relevant to the location of the $p$-state. Then the $Xi$ levels in $^{56}$Fe are calculated. In particular, the level shift which is expected to be measured experimentally in the near future is predicted. The smallness of the imaginary part of the $Xi$ single-particle potential is explicitly demonstrated.
We consider a chiral baryon-meson model for nucleons and their parity partners in mirror assignment interacting with pions, sigma and omega mesons to describe the liquid-gas transition of nuclear matter together with chiral symmetry restoration in the high density phase. Within the mean-field approximation the model is known to provide a phenomenologically successful description of the nuclear-matter transition. Here, we go beyond this approximation and include mesonic fluctuations by means of the functional renormalization group. While these fluctuations do not lead to major qualitative changes in the phase diagram of the model, beyond mean-field, one is no-longer free to adjust the parameters so as to reproduce the binding energy per nucleon, the nuclear saturation density, and the nucleon sigma term all at the same time. However, the prediction of a clear first-order chiral transition at low temperatures inside the high baryon-density phase appears to be robust.
We discuss the effect of changes in meson properties in a nuclear medium on physical observables, notably, $J/Psi$ dissociation on pion and $rho$ meson comovers in relativistic heavy ion collisions, and the prediction of the $omega$-, $eta$- and $eta$-nuclear bound states.
We make a thorough study of the process of three body kaon absorption in nuclei, in connection with a recent FINUDA experiment which claims the existence of a deeply bound kaonic state from the observation of a peak in the Lambda d invariant mass distribution following K- absorption on Li6. We show that the peak is naturally explained in terms of K- absorption from three nucleons leaving the rest as spectators. We can also reproduce all the other observables measured in the same experiment and used to support the hypothesis of the deeply bound kaon state. Our study also reveals interesting aspects of kaon absorption in nuclei, a process that must be understood in order to make progress in the search for K- deeply bound states in nuclei.
We shed light upon the eta mass in nuclear matter in the context of partial restoration of chiral symmetry, pointing out that the U_{A}(1) anomaly effects causes the eta-eta mass difference necessarily through the chiral symmetry breaking. As a consequence, it is expected that the eta mass is reduced by order of 100 MeV in nuclear matter where partial restoration of chiral symmetry takes place. The discussion given here is based on Ref. [1].