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Register a new userAntiferromagnetic Order and Superconductivity in Sr4(Mg0.5-xTi0.5+x)2O6Fe2As2 with Electron Doping: 75As-NMR Study
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We report an 75As-NMR study on iron (Fe)-based superconductors with thick perovskitetype blocking layers Sr4(Mg0.5-xTi0.5+x)2O6Fe2As2 with x=0 and 0.2. We have found that antiferromagnetic (AFM) order takes place when x=0, and superconductivity (SC) emerges below Tc=36 K when x=0.2. These results reveal that the Fe-pnictides with thick perovskitetype blocks also undergo an evolution from the AFM order to the SC by doping electron carriers into FeAs planes through the chemical substitution of Ti+4 ions for Mg+2 ions, analogous to the F-substitution in LaFeAsO compound. The reason why the Tc=36 K when x=0.2 being higher than the optimally electron-doped LaFeAsO with Tc=27 K relates to the fact that the local tetrahedron structure of FeAs4 is optimized for the onset of SC.
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The anisotropy of the nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate $1/T_{1}$ of $^{75}$As was investigated in the iron-based superconductor LaFeAs(O$_{1-x}$F$_{x}$) ($x = 0.07, 0.11$ and 0.14) as well as LaFeAsO. While the temperature dependence of the normal-state $1/T_1T$ in the superconducting (SC) $x = 0.07$ is different from that in the SC $x = 0.11$, their anisotropy of $1/T_1$, $R equiv (1/T_{1})_{H parallel ab}/(1/T_{1})_{H parallel c}$ in the normal state is almost the same ($simeq$ 1.5). The observed anisotropy is ascribable to the presence of the local stripe correlations with $Q = (pi, 0)$ or $(0, pi)$. In contrast, $1/T_1$ is isotropic and $R$ is approximately 1 in the overdoped $x = 0.14$ sample, where superconductivity is almost suppressed. These results suggest that the presence of the local stripe correlations originating from the nesting between hole and electron Fermi surfaces is linked to high-$T_c$ superconductivity in iron pnictides.
The evolution of 75As NMR parameters with composition and temperature was probed in the Ba(Fe1-xRux)2As2 system where Fe is replaced by isovalent Ru. While the Ru-end member was found to be a conventional Fermi liquid, the composition (x=0.5) corresponding to the highest Tc (20K) in this system shows an upturn in 75As 1/T1T below about 80 K evidencing the presence of antiferromagnetic (AFM) fluctuations. These results are similar to those obtained in another system with isovalent substitution BaFe2(As1-xPx)2 [Y. Nakai, T. Iye, S. Kitagawa, K. Ishida, H. Ikeda, S. Kasahara, H. Shishido, T. Shibauchi, Y. Matsuda, and T. Terashima, Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 107003 (2010)] and point to the possible role of AFM fluctuations in driving superconductivity.
75As NMR measurements were performed as a function of temperature and doping in (Eu1-xKx)Fe2As2 (x=0,0.38,0.5,0.7) samples. The large Eu2+ moments and their fluctuations are found to dominate the 75As NMR properties. The 75As nuclei close to the Eu2+ moments likely have a very short spin-spin relaxation time (T2) and are wiped out of our measurement window. The 75As nuclei relatively far from Eu2+ moments are probed in this study. Increasing the Eu content progressively decreases the signal intensity with no signal found for the full-Eu sample (x=0). The large 75As NMR linewidth arises from an inhomogeneous magnetic environment around them. The spin lattice relaxation rate (1/T1) for x=0.5 and 0.7 samples is nearly independent of temperature above 100K and results from a coupling to paramagnetic fluctuations of the Eu2+ moments. The behavior of 1/T1 at lower temperatures has contributions from the antiferromagnetic fluctuations of the Eu2+ moments as also the fluctuations intrinsic to the FeAs planes and from superconductivity.
We use neutron scattering to study the structural distortion and antiferromagnetic (AFM) order in LaFeAsO$_{1-x}$F$_{x}$ as the system is doped with fluorine (F) to induce superconductivity. In the undoped state, LaFeAsO exhibits a structural distortion, changing the symmetry from tetragonal (space group $P4/nmm$) to orthorhombic (space group $Cmma$) at 155 K, and then followed by an AFM order at 137 K. Doping the system with F gradually decreases the structural distortion temperature, but suppresses the long range AFM order before the emergence of superconductivity. Therefore, while superconductivity in these Fe oxypnictides can survive in either the tetragonal or the orthorhombic crystal structure, it competes directly with static AFM order.
We performed $^{75}$As NMR studies on two overdoped high-quality Ba$_{1-x}$K$_{x}$Fe$_2$As$_2$ (x=0.7 and 1.0) single crystals. In the normal states, we found a dramatic increase of the spin-lattice relaxation ($1/^{75}T_1$) from the x=0.7 to the x=1.0 samples. In KFe$_2$As$_2$, the ratio of $1/^{75}T_1TK_n^2$, where $^{75}K_n$ is the Knight shift, increases as temperature drops. These results indicate the existence of a new type of spin fluctuations in KFe$_2$As$_2$ which is accustomed to being treated as a simple Fermi liquid. In the superconducting state, we observe a step-like feature in the temperature dependence of the spin-lattice relaxation of the x=0.7 sample, which supports a two-gap superconductivity as the underdoped materials. However, the temperature scalings of $1/^{75}T_1$ below Tc in the overdoped samples are significantly different from those in the under or optimal doped ones. A power-law scaling behavior $1/^{75}T_1Tsim T^{0.5}$ is observed, which indicates universal strong low energy excitations in the overdoped hole-type superconductors.
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