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Register a new userThe spectroscopic observations of CoRoT asteroseismic targets with HARPS
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CoRoT photometric measurements of asteroseismic targets need complementary ground-based spectroscopic observations. We are using the planet-hunter HARPS spectrograph attached to the 3.6m-ESO telescope in the framework of two consecutive Large Programmes. We discuss its use to study line-profile variations and we report on a specific result obtained for the Delta Sct star HD 170699.
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A full exploitation of the observations provided by the CoRoT and Kepler missions depends on our ability to complement these data with accurate effective temperatures and chemical abundances. We review in this contribution the major efforts that have been undertaken to characterise late-type, seismic targets based on spectra gathered as part of the ground-based, follow-up campaigns. A specific feature of the spectroscopic studies of these stars is that the gravity can be advantageously fixed to the more accurate value derived from the pulsation spectrum. We describe the impact that such an approach has on the estimation of Teff and [Fe/H]. The relevance of red-giant seismic targets for studies of internal mixing processes and stellar populations in our Galaxy is also briefly discussed.
We present the ground-based activities within the different working groups of the Kepler Asteroseismic Science Consortium (KASC). The activities aim at the systematic characterization of the 5000+ KASC targets, and at the collection of ground-based follow-up time-series data of selected promising Kepler pulsators. So far, 36 different instruments at 31 telescopes on 23 different observatories in 12 countries are in use, and a total of more than 530 observing nights has been awarded. (Based on observations made with the Isaac Newton Telescope, William Herschel Telescope, Nordic Optical Telescope, Telescopio Nazionale Galileo, Mercator Telescope (La Palma, Spain), and IAC-80 (Tenerife, Spain). Also based on observations taken at the observatories of Sierra Nevada, San Pedro Martir, Vienna, Xinglong, Apache Point, Lulin, Tautenburg, Loiano, Serra la Nave, Asiago, McDonald, Skinakas, Pic du Midi, Mauna Kea, Steward Observatory, Mt Wilson, Bialkow Observatory of the Wroclaw University, Piszkesteto Mountain Station, Observatoire de Haute Provence, and Centro Astronomico Hispano Aleman at Calar Alto. Based on data from the AAVSO International Database.)
We present results of our 5-years-long program of ground-based spectroscopic and photometric observations of individual Kepler asteroseismic targets and the open clusters NGC6866 and NGC6811 from the Kepler field of view.We determined the effective temperature, surface gravity, metallicity, the projected rotational velocity and the radial velocity of 119 Kepler asteroseismic targets for which we acquired high-resolution spectra. For many of these stars the derived atmospheric parameters agree with Teff, log g, and [Fe/H] from the Kepler Input Catalog (KIC) to within their error bars. Only for stars hotter than 7000K we notice significant differences between the effective temperature derived from spectroscopy and Teff given in the KIC. For 19 stars which we observed photoelectrically, we measured the interstellar reddening and we found it to be negligible. Finally, our discovery of the delta Sct and gamma Dor pulsating stars in the open cluster NGC6866 allowed us to discuss the frequency of the occurrence of gamma Dor stars in the open clusters of different age and metallicity and show that there are no correlations between these parameters.
Context. The availability of asteroseismic constraints for a large sample of red giant stars from the CoRoT and Kepler missions paves the way for various statistical studies of the seismic properties of stellar populations. Aims. We use the first detailed spectroscopic study of 19 CoRoT red-giant stars (Morel et al 2014) to compare theoretical stellar evolution models to observations of the open cluster NGC 6633 and field stars. Methods. In order to explore the effects of rotation-induced mixing and thermohaline instability, we compare surface abundances of carbon isotopic ratio and lithium with stellar evolution predictions. These chemicals are sensitive to extra-mixing on the red-giant branch. Results. We estimate mass, radius, and distance for each star using the seismic constraints. We note that the Hipparcos and seismic distances are different. However, the uncertainties are such that this may not be significant. Although the seismic distances for the cluster members are self consistent they are somewhat larger than the Hipparcos distance. This is an issue that should be considered elsewhere. Models including thermohaline instability and rotation-induced mixing, together with the seismically determined masses can explain the chemical properties of red-giants targets. However, with this sample of stars we cannot perform stringent tests of the current stellar models. Tighter constraints on the physics of the models would require the measurement of the core and surface rotation rates, and of the period spacing of gravity-dominated mixed modes. A larger number of stars with longer times series, as provided by Kepler or expected with Plato, would help for ensemble asteroseismology.
Stellar structure and evolution can be studied in great detail by asteroseismic methods, provided data of high precision are available. We determine the effective temperature (Teff), surface gravity (log g), metallicity, and the projected rotational velocity (v sin i) of 44 Kepler asteroseismic targets using our high-resolution (R > 20,000) spectroscopic observations; these parameters will then be used to compute asteroseismic models of these stars and to interpret the Kepler light curves.We use the method of cross correlation to measure the radial velocity (RV) of our targets, while atmospheric parameters are derived using the ROTFIT code and spectral synthesis method. We discover three double-lined spectroscopic binaries, HIP 94924, HIP 95115, and HIP 97321 - for the last system, we provide the orbital solution, and we report two suspected single-lined spectroscopic binaries, HIP94112 and HIP 96062. For all stars from our sample we derive RV, v sin i, Teff, log g, and metallicity, and for six stars, we perform a detailed abundance analysis. A spectral classification is done for 33 targets. Finally, we show that the early-type star HIP 94472 is rotating slowly (v sin i = 13 kms/1) and we confirm its classification to the Am spectral type which makes it an interesting and promising target for asteroseismic modeling. The comparison of the results reported in this paper with the information in the Kepler Input Catalog (KIC) shows an urgent need for verification and refinement of the atmospheric parameters listed in the KIC. That refinement is crucial for making a full use of the data delivered by Kepler and can be achieved only by a detailed ground-based study.
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