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Register a new userA chip-scale integrated cavity-electro-optomechanics platform
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We present an integrated optomechanical and electromechanical nanocavity, in which a common mechanical degree of freedom is coupled to an ultrahigh-Q photonic crystal defect cavity and an electrical circuit. The sys- tem allows for wide-range, fast electrical tuning of the optical nanocavity resonances, and for electrical control of optical radiation pressure back-action effects such as mechanical amplification (phonon lasing), cooling, and stiffening. These sort of integrated devices offer a new means to efficiently interconvert weak microwave and optical signals, and are expected to pave the way for a new class of micro-sensors utilizing optomechanical back-action for thermal noise reduction and low-noise optical read-out.
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Electro-optic frequency combs were employed to rapidly interrogate an optomechanical sensor, demonstrating spectral resolution substantially exceeding that possible with a mode-locked frequency comb. Frequency combs were generated using an integrated-circuit-based direct digital synthesizer and utilized in a self-heterodyne configuration. Unlike approaches based upon laser locking or sweeping, the present approach allows rapid, parallel measurements of full optical cavity modes, large dynamic range of sensor displacement, and acquisition across a wide frequency range between DC and 500 kHz. In addition to being well suited to measurements of cavity optomechanical sensors, this optical frequency comb-based approach can be utilized for interrogation in a wide range of physical and chemical sensors.
We have designed photonic crystal suspended membranes with optimized optical and mechanical properties for cavity optomechanics. Such resonators sustain vibration modes in the megahertz range with quality factors of a few thousand. Thanks to a two-dimensional square lattice of holes, their reflectivity at normal incidence at 1064 nm reaches values as high as 95%. These two features, combined with the very low mass of the membrane, open the way to the use of such periodic structures as deformable end-mirrors in Fabry-Perot cavities for the investigation of cavity optomechanical effects
The coupling of mechanical and optical degrees of freedom via radiation pressure has been a subject of early research in the context of gravitational wave detection. Recent experimental advances have allowed studying for the first time the modifications of mechanical dynamics provided by radiation pressure. This paper reviews the consequences of back-action of light confined in whispering-gallery dielectric micro-cavities, and presents a unified treatment of its two manifestations: notably the parametric instability (parametric amplification) and radiation pressure back-action cooling. Parametric instability offers a novel photonic clock which is driven purely by the pressure of light. In contrast, radiation pressure cooling can surpass existing cryogenic technologies and offers cooling to phonon occupancies below unity and provides a route towards cavity Quantum Optomechanics
We present and characterize fiber mirrors and a miniaturized ion-trap design developed to integrate a fiber-based Fabry-Perot cavity (FFPC) with a linear Paul trap for use in cavity-QED experiments with trapped ions. Our fiber-mirror fabrication process not only enables the construction of FFPCs with small mode volumes, but also allows us to minimize the influence of the dielectric fiber mirrors on the trapped-ion pseudopotential. We discuss the effect of clipping losses for long FFPCs and the effect of angular and lateral displacements on the coupling efficiencies between cavity and fiber. Optical profilometry allows us to determine the radii of curvature and ellipticities of the fiber mirrors. From finesse measurements we infer a single-atom cooperativity of up to $12$ for FFPCs longer than $200 mu$m in length; comparison to cavities constructed with reference substrate mirrors produced in the same coating run indicates that our FFPCs have similar scattering losses. We discuss experiments to anneal fiber mirrors and explore the influence of the atmosphere under which annealing occurs on coating losses, finding that annealing under vacuum increases the losses for our reference substrate mirrors. Our unique linear Paul trap design provides clearance for such a cavity and is miniaturized to shield trapped ions from the dielectric fiber mirrors. We numerically calculate the trap potential in the absence of fibers. In the experiment additional electrodes can be used to compensate distortions of the potential due to the fibers. Home-built fiber feedthroughs connect the FFPC to external optics, and an integrated nanopositioning system affords the possibility of retracting or realigning the cavity without breaking vacuum.
Quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) represent a fascinating accomplishment of quantum engineering and enable the direct generation of terahertz (THz) frequency radiation from an electrically-biased semiconductor heterostructure. Their large spectral bandwidth, high output powers and quantum-limited linewidths have facilitated the realization of THz pulses by active mode-locking and passive generation of optical frequency combs (FCs) through intracavity four-wave-mixing, albeit over a restricted operational regime. Here, we conceive an integrated architecture for the generation of high power (10 mW) THz FCs comprising an ultrafast THz polaritonic reflector, exploiting intersubband cavity polaritons, and a broad bandwidth (2.3-3.8 THz) heterogeneous THz QCL. Quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) represent a fascinating accomplishment of quantum engineering and enable the direct generation of terahertz (THz) frequency radiation from an electrically-biased semiconductor heterostructure. By tuning the group delay dispersion in an integrated geometry, through the exploitation of light induced bleaching of the intersubband-based THz polaritons, we demonstrate spectral reshaping of the QCL emission and stable FC operation over an operational dynamic range of up to 38%, characterized by a single and narrow (down to 700 Hz) intermode beatnote. Our concept provides design guidelines for a new generation of compact, cost-effective, electrically driven chip-scale FC sources based on ultrafast polariton dynamics, paving the way towards the generation of mode locked THz micro-lasers that will strongly impact a broad range of applications in ultrafast sciences, data storage, high-speed communication and spectroscopy.
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