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Register a new userSearch for double beta decay processes in 106Cd with the help of 106CdWO4 crystal scintillator
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P. Belli
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A search for the double beta processes in 106Cd was carried out at the Gran Sasso National Laboratories of the INFN (Italy) with the help of a 106CdWO4 crystal scintillator (215 g) enriched in 106Cd up to 66%. After 6590 h of data taking, new improved half-life limits on the double beta processes in 106Cd were established at the level of 10^{19}-10^{21} yr; in particular, T_{1/2}(2 u epsilon beta^+) > 2.1 10^{20} yr, T_{1/2}(2 u 2beta^+) > 4.3 10^{20} yr, and T_{1/2}(0 u 2epsilon) > 1.0 10^{21} yr. The resonant neutrinoless double electron captures to the 2718 keV, 2741 keV and 2748 keV excited states of 106Pd are restricted to T_{1/2}(0 u 2K) > 4.3 10^{20} yr, T_{1/2}(0 u KL1) > 9.5 10^{20} yr and T_{1/2}(0 u KL3) > 4.3 10^{20} yr, respectively (all limits at 90% C.L.). A possible resonant enhancement of the 0 u 2epsilon processes is estimated in the framework of the QRPA approach. The radioactive contamination of the 106CdWO4 crystal scintillator is reported.
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An experiment to search for double beta processes in 106Cd by using cadmium tungstate crystal scintillator enriched in 106Cd (106CdWO4) in coincidence with the four crystals HPGe detector GeMulti is in progress at the STELLA facility of the Gran Sasso underground laboratory of INFN (Italy). The 106CdWO4 scintillator is viewed by a low-background photomultiplier tube through a lead tungstate crystal light-guide produced from deeply purified archaeological lead to suppress gamma quanta from the photomultiplier tube. Here we report the first results of the experiment after 3233 hours of the data taking. A few new improved limits on double beta processes in 106Cd are obtained, in particular T1/2(2nuECb+) > 8.4e20 yr at 90% C.L.
Double beta processes in 64-Zn, 70-Zn, 180-W, and 186-W have been searched for with the help of large volume (0.1-0.7 kg) low background ZnWO4 crystal scintillators at the Gran Sasso National Laboratories of the INFN. Total time of measurements exceeds 10 thousands hours. New improved half-life limits on double electron capture and electron capture with positron emission in 64-Zn have been set, in particular (all the limits are at 90% C.L.): T1/2(0nu2EC)> 1.1e20 yr, T1/2(2nuECbeta+)>7.0e20 yr, and T1/2(0nuECbeta+)>4.3e20 yr. The different modes of double beta processes in 70-Zn, 180-W, and 186-W have been restricted at the level of 1e17-1e20 yr.
Studies on double beta decay processes in $^{106}$Cd were performed by using a cadmium tungstate scintillator enriched in $^{106}$Cd at 66% ($^{106}$CdWO$_4$) with two CdWO$_4$ scintillation counters (with natural Cd composition). No effect was observed in the data accumulated over 26033 h. New improved half-life limits were set on the different channels and modes of the $^{106}$Cd double beta decay at level of $lim T_{1/2}sim 10^{20}-10^{22}$ yr. The limit for the two neutrino electron capture with positron emission in $^{106}$Cd to the ground state of $^{106}$Pd, $T^{2 umathrm{EC}beta^+}_{1/2}geq2.1times 10^{21}$ yr, was set by the analysis of the $^{106}$CdWO$_4$ data in coincidence with the energy release 511 keV in both CdWO$_4$ counters. The sensitivity approaches the theoretical predictions for the decay half-life that are in the range $T_{1/2}sim10^{21}-10^{22}$ yr. The resonant neutrinoless double-electron capture to the 2718 keV excited state of $^{106}$Pd is restricted at the level of $T^{0 umathrm{2K}}_{1/2}geq2.9times10^{21}$ yr
PbWO4 crystal scintillators are discussed as an active shield and light-guides in 116Cd double beta decay experiment with CdWO4 scintillators. Scintillation properties and radioactive contamination of PbWO4 scintillators were investigated. Energy resolution of CdWO4 detector, coupled to PbWO4 crystal as a light-guide, was tested. Efficiency of PbWO4-based active shield to suppress background from the internal contamination of PbWO4 crystals was calculated. Using of lead tungstate crystal scintillators as high efficiency 4-pi active shield could allow to build sensitive double beta experiment with 116CdWO4 crystal scintillators.
In the field of Double Beta Decay (DBD) searches the possibility to have high resolution detectors in which background can be discriminated is very appealing. This very interesting possibility can be largely fulfilled in the case of a scintillating bolometer containing a Double Beta Decay emitter whose transition energy exceeds the one of the natural gamma line of 208Tl. We present the latest results obtained in the development of such a kind of scintillating bolometer. For the first time an array of five CdWO4 (116Cd has a Double Beta Decay transition energy of 2805 keV) crystals is tested. The array consists of a plane of four 3x3x3 cm3 crystals and a second plane consisting of a single 3x3x6 cm3 crystal. This setup is mounted in hall C of the National Laboratory of Gran Sasso inside a lead shielding in order to reduce as far as possible the environmental background. The aim of this test is to demonstrate the technical feasibility of this technique through an array of detectors and perform a long background measurement in the best conditions in order to prove the achievable background in the Zero neutrino-DBD region.
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