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In this study, we present long term photometric variations of the close binary system astrobj{GO Cyg}. Modelling of the system shows that the primary is filling Roche lobe and the secondary of the system is almost filling its Roche lobe. The physical parameters of the system are $M_1 = 3.0pm0.2 M_{odot}$, $M_2 = 1.3 pm 0.1 M_{odot}$, $R_1 = 2.50pm 0.12 R_{odot}$, $R_2 = 1.75 pm 0.09 R_{odot}$, $L_1 = 64pm 9 L_{odot}$, $L_2 = 4.9 pm 0.7 L_{odot}$, and $a = 5.5 pm 0.3 R_{odot}$. Our results show that astrobj{GO Cyg} is the most massive system near contact binary (NCB). Analysis of times of the minima shows a sinusoidal variation with a period of $92.3pm0.5$ years due to a third body whose mass is less than 2.3$M_{odot}$. Finally a period variation rate of $-1.4times10^{-9}$ d/yr has been determined using all available light curves.
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In this study, we present photometric and spectroscopic variations of the extremely small mass ratio ($qsimeq 0.1$) late-type contact binary system astrobj{V1191 Cyg}. The parameters for the hot and cooler companions have been determined as $M_textrm{h}$ = 0.13 (1) $M_{odot}$, $M_textrm{c}$ = 1.29 (8) $M_{odot}$, $R_textrm{h}$ = 0.52 (15) $R_{odot}$, $R_textrm{c}$ = 1.31 (18) $R_{odot}$, $L_textrm{h}$ = 0.46 (25) $L_{odot}$, $L_textrm{c}$ = 2.71 (80) $L_{odot}$, the separation of the components is $a$= 2.20(8) $R_{odot}$ and the distance of the system is estimated as 278(31) pc. Analyses of the times of minima indicates a period increase of $frac{dP}{dt}=1.3(1)times 10^{-6}$ days/yr that reveals a very high mass transfer rate of $frac{dM}{dt}=2.0(4)times 10^{-7}$$M_{odot}$/yr from the less massive component to the more massive one. New observations show that the depths of the minima of the light curve have been interchanged.
Two CCD epochs of light minimum and a complete R light curve of SS Ari are presented. The light curve obtained in 2007 was analyzed with the 2003 version of the W-D code. It is shown that SS Ari is a shallow contact binary system with a mass ratio $q=3.25$ and a degree of contact factor f=9.4(pm0.8%). A period investigation based on all available data shows that there may exist two distinct solutions about the assumed third body. One, assuming eccentric orbit of the third body and constant orbital period of the eclipsing pair results in a massive third body with $M_3=1.73M_{odot}$ and P_3=87.0$yr. On the contrary, assuming continuous period changes of the eclipsing pair the orbital period of tertiary is 37.75yr and its mass is about $0.278M_{odot}$. Both of the cases suggest the presence of an unseen third component in the system.
BD And is a fairly bright (V = 10.8), active and close (P = 0.9258 days) eclipsing binary. The cyclic variability of the apparent orbital period as well as third light in the light curves indicate the presence of an additional late-type component. The principal aim is the spectroscopic testing of the third-body hypothesis and determination of absolute stellar parameters for both components of the eclipsing binary. First medium and high-resolution spectroscopy of the system was obtained. The broadening-function technique appropriate for heavily-broadened spectra of close binaries was used. The radial velocities were determined fitting the Gaussian functions and rotational profiles to the broadening functions. A limited amount of photometric data has also been obtained. Although the photometric observations were focused on the obtaining the timing information, a cursory light-curve analysis was also performed. Extracted broadening functions clearly show the presence of a third, slowly-rotating component. Its radial velocity is within error of the systemic velocity of the eclipsing pair, strongly supporting the physical bond. The observed systemic radial-velocity and third-component changes do not support the 9 year orbit found from the timing variability. Masses of the components of the eclipsing pair are determined with about 0.5% precision. Further characterization of the system would require long-term photometric and spectroscopic monitoring.
It has long been suspected that tidal forces in close binary stars could modify the orientation of the pulsation axis of the constituent stars. Such stars have been searched for, but until now never detected. Here we report the discovery of tidally trapped pulsations in the ellipsoidal variable HD 74423 in TESS space photometry data. The system contains a Delta Scuti pulsator in a 1.6-d orbit, whose pulsation mode amplitude is strongly modulated at the orbital frequency, which can be explained if the pulsations have a much larger amplitude in one hemisphere of the star. We interpret this as an obliquely pulsating distorted dipole oscillation with a pulsation axis aligned with the tidal axis. This is the first time that oblique pulsation along a tidal axis has been recognized. It is unclear whether the pulsations are trapped in the hemisphere directed towards the companion or in the side facing away from it, but future spectral measurements can provide the solution. In the meantime, the single-sided pulsator HD 74423 stands out as the prototype of a new class of obliquely pulsating stars in which the interactions of stellar pulsations and tidal distortion can be studied.
For a comprehensive understanding of planetary formation and evolution, we need to investigate the environment in which planets form: circumstellar disks. Here we present high-contrast imaging observations of V4046 Sagittarii, a 20-Myr-old close binary known to host a circumbinary disk. We have discovered the presence of rotating shadows in the disk, caused by mutual occultations of the central binary. Shadow-like features are often observed in diskscite{garufi,marino15}, but those found thus far have not been due to eclipsing phenomena. We have used the phase difference due to light travel time to measure the flaring of the disk and the geometrical distance of the system. We calculate a distance that is in very good agreement with the value obtained from the Gaia missions Data Release 2 (DR2), and flaring angles of $alpha = 6.2 pm 0.6 $ deg and $alpha = 8.5 pm 1.0 $ deg for the inner and outer disk rings, respectively. Our technique opens up a path to explore other binary systems, providing an independent estimate of distance and the flaring angle, a crucial parameter for disk modelling.
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