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Register a new userHaefligers codimension-one singular foliations, open books and twisted open books in dimension 3
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Authors
Francois Laudenbach
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We consider singular foliations of codimension one on 3-manifolds, in the sense defined by A. Haefliger as being Gamma_1-structures. We prove that under the obvious linear embedding condition, they are Gamma_1-homotopic to a regular foliation carried by an open book or a twisted open book. The latter concept is introduced for this aim. Our result holds true in every regularity C^r, r at least 1. In particular, in dimension 3, this gives a very simple proof of Thurstons 1976 regularization theorem without using Mathers homology equivalence.
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We prove that if a contact manifold $(M,xi)$ is supported by a planar open book, then Euler characteristic and signature of any Stein filling of $(M,xi)$ is bounded. We also prove a similar finiteness result for contact manifolds supported by spinal open books with planar pages. Moving beyond the geography of Stein fillings, we classify fillings of some lens spaces.
We give an elementary topological obstruction for a $(2q{+}1)$-manifold $M$ to admit a contact open book with flexible Weinstein pages: if the torsion subgroup of the $q$-th integral homology group is non-zero, then no such contact open book exists. We achieve this by proving that a symplectomorphism of a flexible Weinstein manifold acts trivially on cohomology. We also produce examples of non-trivial loops of flexible contact structures using related ideas.
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A book $B_n$ is a graph which consists of $n$ triangles sharing a common edge. In this paper, we study Ramsey numbers of quadrilateral versus books. Previous results give the exact value of $r(C_4,B_n)$ for $1le nle 14$. We aim to show the exact value of $r(C_4,B_n)$ for infinitely many $n$. To achieve this, we first prove that $r(C_4,B_{(m-1)^2+(t-2)})le m^2+t$ for $mge4$ and $0 leq t leq m-1$. This improves upon a result by Faudree, Rousseau and Sheehan (1978) which states that begin{align*} r(C_4,B_n)le g(g(n)), ;;text{where};;g(n)=n+lfloorsqrt{n-1}rfloor+2. end{align*} Combining the new upper bound and constructions of $C_4$-free graphs, we are able to determine the exact value of $r(C_4,B_n)$ for infinitely many $n$. As a special case, we show $r(C_4,B_{q^2-q-2}) = q^2+q-1$ for all prime power $qge4$.
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