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Register a new userPhoton production from non-equilibrium disoriented chiral condensates in a longitudinal expansion : A theoretic framework
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A theoretical framework is developed for treating the quantization of the photons in a spacetime with a longitudinal expansion. This can be used to study the production of the photons through the non-equilibrium relaxation of a disoriented chiral condensate presumably formed in the expanding hot central region in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions. These photons can be a signature of the formation of disoriented chiral condensates in the direct photon measurements of heavy-ion collisions.
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We make a complete dynamical study of Isotopic spin conservation effects on the multiplicity distributions of both hard and soft pions emitted in a quark gluon plasma undergoing a non-equilibrium phase transition.
We study the dynamics of the chiral phase transition expected during the expansion of the quark-gluon plasma produced in a high energy hadron or heavy ion collision, using the $O(4)$ linear sigma model in the mean field approximation. Imposing boost invariant initial conditions at an initial proper time $tau_0$ and starting from an approximate equilibrium configuration, we investigate the possibility of formation of disoriented chiral condensate during the expansion. In order to create large domains of disoriented chiral condensates low-momentum instabilities have to last for long enough periods of time. Our simulations show no instabilities for an initial thermal configuration. For some of the out-of-equilibrium initial states studied, the fluctuation in the number of particles with low transverse momenta become large at late proper times.
We show that an event-by-event fluctuation of the ratio of neutral pions or resulting photons to charged pions can be used as an effective probe for the formation of disoriented chiral condensates. The fact that the neutral pion fraction produced in case of disoriented chiral condensate formation has a characteristic extended non gaussian shape, is shown to be the key factor which forms the basis of the present analysis.
A new method to search for localized domains of disoriented chiral condensates (DCC) has been proposed by utilising the (eta-phi) phase space distributions of charged particles and photons. Using the discrete wavelet transformation (DWT) analysis technique, it has been found that the presence of DCC domains broadens the distribution of wavelet coefficients in comparison to that of normal events. Strength contours have been derived from the differences in rms deviations of these distributions by taking into account the size of DCC domains and the probability of DCC production in ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions. This technique can be suitably adopted to experiments measuring multiplicities of charged particles and photons.
The saturation of QCD chiral sum rules is reanalyzed in view of the new and complete analysis of the ALEPH experimental data on the difference between vector and axial-vector correlators (V-A). Ordinary finite energy sum rules (FESR) exhibit poor saturation up to energies below the tau-lepton mass. A remarkable improvement is achieved by introducing pinched, as well as minimizing polynomial integral kernels. Both methods are used to determine the dimension d=6 and d=8 vacuum condensates in the Operator Product Expansion, with the results: {O}_{6}=-(0.00226 pm 0.00055) GeV^6, and O_8=-(0.0053 pm 0.0033) GeV^8 from pinched FESR, and compatible values from the minimizing polynomial FESR. Some higher dimensional condensates are also determined, although we argue against extending the analysis beyond dimension d = 8. The value of the finite remainder of the (V-A) correlator at zero momentum is also redetermined: Pi (0)= -4 bar{L}_{10}=0.02579 pm 0.00023. The stability and precision of the predictions are significantly improved compared to earlier calculations using the old ALEPH data. Finally, the role and limits of applicability of the Operator Product Expansion in this channel are clarified.
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