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Register a new userThe CALICE Software Framework and Operational Experience
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The CALICE collaboration is developing calorimeters for a future linear collider, and has collected a large amount of physics data during test beam efforts. For the analysis of these data, standard software available for linear collider detector studies is applied. This software provides reconstruction of raw data, simulation, digitization and data management, which is based on grid tools. The data format for analysis is compatible with the general linear collider software. Moreover, existing frameworks such as Marlin are employed for the CALICE software needs. The structure and features of the software framework are reported here as well as results from the application of this software to test beam data.
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The Silicon Pixel Detector (SPD) constitutes the two innermost layers of the Inner Tracking System of the ALICE experiment and it is the closest detector to the interaction point. As a vertex detector, it has the unique feature of generating a trigger signal that contributes to the L0 trigger of the ALICE experiment. The SPD started collecting data since the very first pp collisions at LHC in 2009 and since then it has taken part in all pp, Pb-Pb and p-Pb data taking campaigns. This contribution will present the main features of the SPD, the detector performance and the operational experience, including calibration and optimization activities from Run 1 to Run 2.
The hadron energy resolution of a highly granular CALICE analogue scintillator-steel hadronic calorimeter was studied using pion test beam data. The stochastic term contribution to the energy resolution was estimated to be 58%/sqrt(E/GeV). To improve an energy resolution, local and global software compensation techniques were developed which exploit an unprecedented granularity of the calorimeter and are based on event-by-event analysis of the energy density spectra. The application of either local or global software compensation technique results in reducing of stochastic term contribution down to 45%/sqrt(E/GeV). The achieved improvement of single particle energy resolution for pions is about 20% in the energy range from 10 to 80 GeV.
A magnetic horn system to be operated at a pulsed current of 320 kA and to survive high-power proton beam operation at 750 kW was developed for the T2K experiment. The first set of T2K magnetic horns was operated for over 12 million pulses during the four years of operation from 2010 to 2013, under a maximum beam power of 230 kW, and $6.63times10^{20}$ protons were exposed to the production target. No significant damage was observed throughout this period. This successful operation of the T2K magnetic horns led to the discovery of the $ u_{mu}rightarrow u_e$ oscillation phenomenon in 2013 by the T2K experiment. In this paper, details of the design, construction, and operation experience of the T2K magnetic horns are described.
The Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF) pursues a broad physics program at Fermilabs Tevatron collider. Between Run II commissioning in early 2001 and the end of operations in September 2011, the Tevatron delivered 12 fb-1 of integrated luminosity of p-pbar collisions at sqrt(s)=1.96 TeV. Many physics analyses undertaken by CDF require heavy flavor tagging with large charged particle tracking acceptance. To realize these goals, in 2001 CDF installed eight layers of silicon microstrip detectors around its interaction region. These detectors were designed for 2--5 years of operation, radiation doses up to 2 Mrad (0.02 Gy), and were expected to be replaced in 2004. The sensors were not replaced, and the Tevatron run was extended for several years beyond its design, exposing the sensors and electronics to much higher radiation doses than anticipated. In this paper we describe the operational challenges encountered over the past 10 years of running the CDF silicon detectors, the preventive measures undertaken, and the improvements made along the way to ensure their optimal performance for collecting high quality physics data. In addition, we describe the quantities and methods used to monitor radiation damage in the sensors for optimal performance and summarize the detector performance quantities important to CDFs physics program, including vertex resolution, heavy flavor tagging, and silicon vertex trigger performance.
We describe a dark matter axion detector designed, constructed, and operated both as an innovation platform for new cavity and amplifier technologies and as a data pathfinder in the $5 - 25$ GHz range ($sim20-100: mu$eV). The platform is small but flexible to facilitate the development of new microwave cavity and amplifier concepts in an operational environment. The experiment has recently completed its first data production; it is the first microwave cavity axion search to deploy a Josephson parametric amplifier and a dilution refrigerator to achieve near-quantum limited performance.
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