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Register a new userMagnetization asymmetry of type-II superconductors in high magnetic fields
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Inhomogeneous distribution of the pinning force in superconductor results in a magnetization asymmetry. A model considering the field distribution in superconductor was developed and symmetric and asymmetric magnetization loops of porous and textured Bi_{1.8}Pb_{0.3}Sr_{1.9}Ca_{2}Cu_{3}O_{x} were fitted. It is found that the thermal equilibrium magnetization realizes in crystals smaller than some size depending on temperature and magnetic field.
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We review and analyze magnetization and specific heat investigations on type-II superconductors which uncover remarkable evidence for the magnetic field induced fnite size effect and the associated 3D to 1D crossover which enhances thermal fluctuations.
We discuss the analysis of mixed-state magnetization data of type-II superconductors using a recently developed scaling procedure. It is based on the fact that, if the Ginzburg-Landau parameter kappa does not depend on temperature, the magnetic susceptibility is a universal function of H/H_c2(T), leading to a simple relation between magnetizations at different temperatures. Although this scaling procedure does not provide absolute values of the upper critical fieldH_c2(T), its temperature variation can be established rather accurately. This provides an opportunity to validate theoretical models that are usually employed for the evaluation of H_c2(T) from equilibrium magnetization data. In the second part of the paper we apply this scaling procedure for a discussion of the notorious first order phase transition in the mixed state of high temperature superconductors. Our analysis, based on experimental magnetization data available in the literature, shows that the shift of the magnetization accross the transition may adopt either sign, depending on the particular chosen sample. We argue that this observation is inconsistent with the interpretation that this transition always represents the melting transition of the vortex lattice.
It is shown that the Dirac fermion structures created in the middle of the Landau bands in the vortex-lattice state of a pure 2D strongly type-II superconductor at half-integer filling factors can be effectively controlled by the external magnetic field. The resulting field-induced modulation of the magneto-oscillations is shown to arise from Fermi-surface resonance scattering in the vortex core regions. Possible observation of the predicted effect in a quasi 2D organic superconductor is discussed.
A review is given on the theory of vortex-glass phases in impure type-II superconductors in an external field. We begin with a brief discussion of the effects of thermal fluctuations on the spontaneously broken U(1) and translation symmetries, on the global phase diagram and on the critical behaviour. Introducing disorder we restrict ourselves to the experimentally most relevant case of weak uncorrelated randomness which is known to destroy the long-ranged translational order of the Abrikosov lattice in three dimensions. Elucidating possible residual glassy ordered phases, we distinguish betwee positional and phase-coherent vortex glasses. The discussion of elastic vortex glasses, in two and three dimensions occupy the main part of our review. In particular, in three dimensions there exists an elastic vortex-glass phase which still shows quasi-long-range translational order: the `Bragg glass. It is shown that this phase is stable with respect to the formation of dislocations for intermediate fields. Preliminary results suggest that the Bragg-glass phase may not show phase-coherent vortex-glass order. The latter is expected to occur in systems with weak disorder only in higher dimensions. We further demonstrate that the linear resistivity vanishes in the vortex-glass phase. The vortex-glass transition is studied in detail for a superconducting film in a parallel field. Finally, we review some recent developments concerning driven vortex-line lattices moving in a random environment.
We present a detailed study of the quasiparticle contribution to the low-temperature specific heat of an extreme type-II superconductor at high magnetic fields. Within a T-matrix approximation for the self-energies in the mixed state of a homogeneous superconductor, the electronic specific heat is a linear function of temperature with a linear-$T$ coefficient $gamma_s(H)$ being a nonlinear function of magnetic field $H$. In the range of magnetic fields $Hagt (0.15-0.2)H_{c2}$ where our theory is applicable, the calculated $gamma_s(H)$ closely resembles the experimental data for the borocarbide superconductor YNi$_2$B$_2$C.
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