No Arabic abstract
We study the metastable response of a highly hysteretic DC-SQUID made of a Niobium loop interrupted by two nano-bridges. We excite the SQUID with an alternating current and with direct magnetic flux, and find different stability zones forming diamond-like structures in the measured voltage across the SQUID. When such a SQUID is embedded in a transmission line resonator similar diamond structures are observed in the reflection pattern of the resonator. We have calculated the DC-SQUID stability diagram in the plane of the exciting control parameters, both analytically and numerically. In addition, we have obtained numerical simulations of the SQUID equations of motion, taking into account temperature variations and non-sinusoidal current-phase relation of the nano-bridges. Good agreement is found between experimental and theoretical results.
We study voltage response of nano-bridge based DC-SQUID fabricated on a Si_{3}N_{4} membrane. Such a configuration may help in reducing 1/f noise, which originates from substrate fluctuating defects. We find that the poor thermal coupling between the DC-SQUID and the substrate leads to strong hysteretic response of the SQUID, even though it is biased by an alternating current. In addition, when the DC-SQUID is biased near a threshold of spontaneous oscillations, the measured voltage has an intermittent pattern, which depends on the applied magnetic flux through the SQUID.
We study self-sustained oscillations (SO) in a Nb superconducting stripline resonators (SSR) integrated with a DC superconducting quantum interface devices (SQUID). We find that both the power threshold where these oscillations start and the oscillations frequency are periodic in the applied magnetic flux threading the SQUID loop. A theoretical model which attributes the SO to a thermal instability in the DC-SQUID yields a good agreement with the experimental results. This flux dependant nonlinearity may be used for quantum state reading of a qubit-SSR integrated device.
We utilize a superconducting stripline resonator containing a dc-SQUID as a strong intermodulation amplifier exhibiting a signal gain of 25 dB and a phase modulation of 30 dB. Studying the system response in the time domain near the intermodulation amplification threshold reveals a unique noise-induced spikes behavior. We account for this response qualitatively via solving numerically the equations of motion for the integrated system. Furthermore, employing this device as a parametric amplifier yields a gain of 38 dB in the generated side-band signal.
We experimentally and numerically study a NbN superconducting stripline resonator integrated with a microbridge. We find that the response of the system to monochromatic excitation exhibits intermittency, namely, noise-induced jumping between coexisting steady-state and limit-cycle responses. A theoretical model that assumes piecewise linear dynamics yields partial agreement with the experimental findings.
Among some of the current uses of the DC Superconducting QUantum Interference Devices (SQUIDs) are qubit-readouts and sensors for probing properties of quantum materials. We present a rather unique gradiometric niobium SQUID design with state-of-the-art sensitivity in the femto-Tesla range which can be easily tuned to specific readout requirements. The sensor is a next generation of the fractional SQUIDs with tightly optimized input coil and a combination of all measures known for restraining parasitic resonances and other detrimental effects. Our design combines the practical usefulness of well-defined pickup loops for superior imaging kernel and tunable-probing applications with the fractionalization approach to reduce undesired inductances. In addition, our modeling predicts small dimensions for these planar sensors. These features make them of high relevance for material studies and for detection of magnetic fields in small volumes, e.g. as part of a cryogenic scanning quantum imaging apparatus for efficient diagnostics and quantum device readouts. This manuscript will benefit scientists and engineers working on quantum computing technologies by clarifying potential general misconceptions about DC SQUID optimization alongside the introduction of the novel flexible compact DC SQUID design.