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Register a new userSemi-DHCAL software developments: Digitization and Display
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Manqi Ruan
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GRPC Semi-Digital HCAL is a solid option for the PFA oriented calorimetry of the International Linear Collider. Together with the hardware, the software developments is progressing steadily. The stauts and plans for the GRPC SDHCAL software development are presented, as well the first order digitization module for the GRPC and the display program DRUID (Display Root module Used for ILD) have been introduced.
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The KM3NeT Collaboration has already produced more than one thousand acquisition boards, used for building two deep-sea neutrino detectors at the bottom of the Mediterranean Sea, with the aim of instrumenting a volume of several cubic kilometers with light sensors to detect the Cherenkov radiation produced in neutrino interactions. The the so-called Digital Optical Modules, house the PMTs and the acquisition and control electronics of the module, the Central Logic Board, which includes a Xilinx FPGA and embedded soft processor. The present work presents the architecture and functionalities of the software embedded in the soft processor of the Central Logic Board.
The Digital Hadron Calorimeter (DHCAL) is a large prototype of an imaging calorimeter using Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs) as active media. The readout is segmented into 1times1 cm2 pads, each with a single bit resolution, hence the denomination of digital. The total channel count is close to 500,000. The DHCAL construction and assembly was completed in fall 2010, followed by a series of test beam campaigns in the FTBF test beam at Fermilab. In this paper we report on the analysis of events collected with the broadband muon beam. These events are utilized to geometrically align the layers horizontally and vertically, to establish the response as function of position on a single readout pad, and to measure the performance characteristics of the RPCs, i.e. the efficiency and average pad multiplicity. The latter were measured in both clean regions of the detector, i.e. away from structures such as the rims of the chambers, and as function of position on the entire vertical plane. In addition, the paper reviews the preliminary measurements of the noise rate in the detector.
Triple-GEM detectors are a well known technology in high energy physics. In order to have a complete understanding of their behavior, in parallel with on beam testing, a Monte Carlo code has to be developed to simulate their response to the passage of particles. The software must take into account all the physical processes involved from the primary ionization up to the signal formation, e.g. the avalanche multiplication and the effect of the diffusion on the electrons. In the case of gas detectors, existing software such as Garfield already perform a very detailed simulation but are CPU time consuming. A description of a reliable but faster simulation is presented here: it uses a parametric description of the variables of interest obtained by suitable preliminary Garfield simulations and tuned to the test beam data. It can reproduce the real values of the charge measured by the strip, needed to reconstruct the position with the Charge Centroid method. In addition, particular attention was put to the simulation of the timing information, which permits to apply also the micro-Time Projection Chamber position reconstruction, for the first time on a triple-GEM. A comparison between simulation and experimental values of some sentinel variables in different conditions of magnetic field, high voltage settings and incident angle will be shown.
The DHCAL, the Digital Hadron Calorimeter, is a prototype calorimeter based on Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs). The design emphasizes the imaging capabilities of the detector in an effort to optimize the calorimeter for the application of Particle Flow Algorithms (PFAs) to the reconstruction of hadronic jet energies in a colliding beam environment. The readout of the chambers is segmented into 1 x 1 cm2 pads, each read out with a 1-bit (single threshold) resolution. The prototype with approximately 500,000 readout channels underwent extensive testing in both the Fermilab and CERN test beams. This talk presents preliminary findings from the analysis of data collected at the test beams.
Digital and Semi-Digital Hadronic Calorimeters (S)DHCAL were suggested for future Colliders as part of the particle-flow concept. Though studied mostly with RPC-based techniques, investigations have shown that MPGD-based sampling elements could outperform. An attractive, industry-produced, robust, particle-tracking detector for large-area coverage, e.g. in (S)DHCAL, could be the novel single-stage Resistive Plate WELL (RPWELL). It is a single-sided THGEM coupled to the segmented readout electrode through a sheet of large bulk resistivity. We summarize here the preliminary test-beam results obtained with 6.5 mm thick (incl. electronics) {$48 times 48,mathrm{cm^2}$}~RPWELL detectors. Two configurations are considered: a standalone RPWELL detector studied with 150 GeV muons and high-rate pions beams and RPWELL sampling element investigated within a small-(S)DHCAL prototype consisting of 7 resistive MICROMEGAS sampling elements followed by 5 RPWELL ones. The sampling elements were equipped with a Semi-Digital readout electronics based on the MICROROC chip.
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