No Arabic abstract
In simulations with dynamical quarks it has been established that the ground state rho in the infrared is a strong mixture of the two chiral representations (0,1)+(1,0) and (1/2,1/2)_b. Its angular momentum content is approximately the 3S1 partial wave which is consistent with the quark model. Effective chiral restoration in an excited rho-meson would require that in the infrared this meson couples predominantly to one of the two representations. The variational method allows one to study the mixing of interpolators with different chiral transformation properties in the non-perturbatively determined excited state at different resolution scales. We present results for the first excited state of the rho-meson using simulations with n_f=2 dynamical quarks. We point out, that in the infrared a leading contribution to rho= rho(1450) comes from (1/2,1/2)_b, in contrast to the rho. Its approximate chiral partner would be a h_1(1380) state. The rho wave function contains a significant contribution of the 3D1 wave which is not consistent with the quark model prediction.
The variational method allows one to study the mixing of interpolators with different chiral transformation properties in the non-perturbatively determined physical state. It is then possible to define and calculate in a gauge-invariant manner the chiral as well as the partial wave content of the quark-antiquark component of a meson in the infrared, where mass is generated. Using a unitary transformation from the chiral basis to the LSJ basis one may extract a partial wave content of a meson. We present results for the ground state of the rho-meson using quenched simulations as well as simulations with two dynamical quarks, all for lattice spacings close to 0.15 fm. We point out that these results indicate a simple 3S1-wave composition of the rho-meson in the infrared, like in the SU(6) flavor-spin quark model.
The leading electromagnetic (e.m.) and strong isospin-breaking corrections to the $pi^+ to mu^+ u[gamma]$ and $K^+ to mu^+ u[gamma]$ leptonic decay rates are evaluated for the first time on the lattice. The results are obtained using gauge ensembles produced by the European Twisted Mass Collaboration with $N_f = 2 + 1 + 1$ dynamical quarks. The relative leading-order e.m.~and strong isospin-breaking corrections to the decay rates are 1.53(19)% for $pi_{mu 2}$ decays and 0.24(10)% for $K_{mu 2}$ decays. Using the experimental values of the $pi_{mu 2}$ and $K_{mu 2}$ decay rates and updated lattice QCD results for the pion and kaon decay constants in isosymmetric QCD, we find that the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix element $ | V_{us}| = 0.22538(46)$, reducing by a factor of about $1.8$ the corresponding uncertainty in the Particle Data Group review. Our calculation of $|V_{us}|$ allows also an accurate determination of the first-row CKM unitarity relation $| V_{ud}|^2 + | V_{us}|^2 + | V_{ub}|^2 = 0.99988(46)$. Theoretical developments in this paper include a detailed discussion of how QCD can be defined in the full QCD+QED theory and an improved renormalisation procedure in which the bare lattice operators are renormalised non-perturbatively into the (modified) Regularization Independent Momentum subtraction scheme and subsequently matched perturbatively at $O(alpha_{em}alpha_s(M_W))$ into the W-regularisation scheme appropriate for these calculations.
We present the results of a lattice study of the normalization constants and second moments of the light-cone distribution amplitudes of longitudinally and transversely polarized $rho$ mesons. The calculation is performed using two flavors of dynamical clover fermions at lattice spacings between $0.060,text{fm}$ and $0.081,text{fm}$, different lattice volumes up to $m_pi L = 6.7$ and pion masses down to $m_pi=150,text{MeV}$. Bare lattice results are renormalized non-perturbatively using a variant of the RI-MOM scheme and converted to the $overline{text{MS}}$ scheme. The necessary conversion coefficients, which are not available in the literature, are calculated. The chiral extrapolation for the relevant decay constants is worked out in detail. We obtain for the ratio of the tensor and vector coupling constants $f_rho^T/f_rho^{vphantom{T}} = 0.629(8)$ and the values of the second Gegenbauer moments $a_2^parallel = 0.132(27)$ and $a_2^perp = 0.101(22)$ at the scale $mu = 2,text{GeV}$ for the longitudinally and transversely polarized $rho$ mesons, respectively. The errors include the statistical uncertainty and estimates of the systematics arising from renormalization. Discretization errors cannot be estimated reliably and are not included. In this calculation the possibility of $rhotopipi$ decay at the smaller pion masses is not taken into account.
We perform a lattice QCD study of the $rho$ meson decay from the $N_f=2+1$ full QCD configurations generated with a renormalization group improved gauge action and a non-perturbatively $O(a)$-improved Wilson fermion action. The resonance parameters, the effective $rhotopipi$ coupling constant and the resonance mass, are estimated from the $P$-wave scattering phase shift for the isospin I=1 two-pion system. The finite size formulas are employed to calculate the phase shift from the energy on the lattice. Our calculations are carried out at two quark masses, $m_pi=410,{rm MeV}$ ($m_pi/m_rho=0.46$) and $m_pi=300,{rm MeV}$ ($m_pi/m_rho=0.35$), on a $32^3times 64$ ($La=2.9,{rm fm}$) lattice at the lattice spacing $a=0.091,{rm fm}$. We compare our results at these two quark masses with those given in the previous works using $N_f=2$ full QCD configurations and the experiment.
The variational method allows one to study the mixing of interpolators with different chiral transformation properties in the nonperturbatively determined physical state. It is then possible to define and calculate in a gauge-invariant manner the chiral as well as the partial wave content of the quark-antiquark component of a meson in the infrared, where mass is generated. Using a unitary transformation from the chiral basis to the $^{2S+1}L_J$ basis one may extract the partial wave content of a meson. We present results for the $rho$- and $rho$-mesons using a simulation with $N_f=2$ dynamical quarks, all for lattice spacings close to 0.15 fm. Our results indicate a strong chiral symmetry breaking in the $rho$ state and its simple $^3S_1$-wave composition in the infrared. For the $rho$-meson we find a small chiral symmetry breaking in the infrared as well as a leading contribution of the $^3D_1$ partial wave, which is contradictory to the quark model.