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Register a new userObservation of pi^+pi^-pi^+pi^- Photoproduction in Ultra-Peripheral Heavy Ion Collisions at sqrt{s_NN} = 200 GeV at the STAR Detector
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We present a measurement of pi^+pi^-pi^+pi^- photonuclear production in ultra-peripheral Au-Au collisions at sqrt(s_{NN}) = 200 GeV from the STAR experiment. The pi^+pi^-pi^+pi^- final states are observed at low transverse momentum and are accompanied by mutual nuclear excitation of the beam particles. The strong enhancement of the production cross section at low transverse momentum is consistent with coherent photoproduction. The pi^+pi^-pi^+pi^- invariant mass spectrum of the coherent events exhibits a broad peak around 1540 pm 40 MeV/c^2 with a width of 570 pm 60 MeV/c^2, in agreement with the photoproduction data for the rho^0(1700). We do not observe a corresponding peak in the pi^+pi^- final state and measure an upper limit for the ratio of the branching fractions of the rho^0(1700) to pi^+pi^- and pi^+pi^-pi^+pi^- of 2.5 % at 90 % confidence level. The ratio of rho^0(1700) and rho^0(770) coherent production cross sections is measured to be 13.4 pm 0.8 (stat.) pm 4.4 (syst.) %.
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The azimuthal anisotropy coefficients v_2 and v_4 of pi^0 and eta mesons are measured in Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN)=200 GeV, as a function of transverse momentum p_T (1-14 GeV/c) and centrality. The extracted v_2 coefficients are found to be consistent between the two meson species over the measured p_T range. The ratio of v_4/v_2^2 for pi^0 mesons is found to be independent of p_T for 1-9 GeV/c, implying a lack of sensitivity of the ratio to the change of underlying physics with p_T. Furthermore, the ratio of v_4/v_2^2 is systematically larger in central collisions, which may reflect the combined effects of fluctuations in the initial collision geometry and finite viscosity in the evolving medium.
Neutral pion transverse momentum (pT) spectra at mid-rapidity (|y| < 0.35) were measured in Cu+Cu collisions at sqrt s_NN = 22.4, 62.4, and 200 GeV. Relative to pi -zero yields in p+p collisions scaled by the number of inelastic nucleon-nucleon collisions (Ncoll) at the respective energies, the pi-zero yields for pT ge 2 GeV/c in central Cu+Cu collisions at 62.4 and 200 GeV are suppressed, whereas an enhancement is observed at 22.4 GeV. A comparison with a jet quenching model suggests that final state parton energy loss dominates in central Cu+Cu collisions at 62.4 GeV and 200 GeV, while the enhancement at 22.4 GeV is consistent with nuclear modifications in the initial state alone.
Neutral-pion, pi^0, spectra were measured at midrapidity (|y|<0.35) in Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 39 and 62.4 GeV and compared to earlier measurements at 200 GeV in the 1<p_T<10 GeV/c transverse-momentum (p_T) range. The high-p_T tail is well described by a power law in all cases and the powers decrease significantly with decreasing center-of-mass energy. The change of powers is very similar to that observed in the corresponding p+p-collision spectra. The nuclear-modification factors (R_AA) show significant suppression and a distinct energy dependence at moderate p_T in central collisions. At high p_T, R_AA is similar for 62.4 and 200 GeV at all centralities. Perturbative-quantum-chromodynamics calculations that describe R_AA well at 200 GeV, fail to describe the 39 GeV data, raising the possibility that the relative importance of initial-state effects and soft processes increases at lower energies. A conclusion that the region where hard processes are dominant is reached only at higher p_T, is also supported by the x_T dependence of the x_T-scaling power-law exponent.
Data accumulated recently for the exclusive measurement of the $ppto pppi^+pi^-$ reaction at a beam energy of 0.793 GeV using the COSY-TOF spectrometer have been analyzed with respect to possible events from the $pp to nnpi^+pi^+$ reaction channel. The latter is expected to be the only $pipi$ production channel, which contains no major contributions from resonance excitation close to threshold and hence should be a good testing ground for chiral dynamics in the $pipi$ production process. No single event has been found, which meets all conditions for being a candidate for the $pp to nn pi^+pi^+$ reaction. This gives an upper limit for the cross section of 0.16 $mu$b (90% C.L.), which is more than an order of magnitude smaller than the cross sections of the other two-pion production channels at the same incident energy.
We report measurements of the observed cross sections for $e^+e^-toomega pi^+pi^-$, $omega K^+K^-$, $omega pbar p$, $K^+K^-rho^0pi^0$, $K^+K^-rho^+pi^-+c.c.$, $K^{*0}K^-pi^+pi^0+c.c.$, $K^{*+}K^-pi^+pi^-+c.c.$, $phipi^+pi^-pi^0$ and $Lambda bar Lambda pi^0$ at $sqrt s=$ 3.773 and 3.650 GeV. Upper limits (90% C.L.) are given for observed cross sections and for $psi(3770)$ decay branching fractions for production of these final states. These measurements are made by analyzing the data sets of 17.3 pb$^{-1}$ collected at $sqrt{s}=3.773$ GeV and 6.5 pb$^{-1}$ collected at $sqrt{s}=3.650$ GeV with the BES-II detector at the BEPC collider.
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