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Register a new userNormal subgroups of diffeomorphism and homeomorphism groups of R^n and other open manifolds
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Authors
Paul A. Schweitzer S. J.
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We determine all the normal subgroups of the group of C^r diffeomorphisms of R^n, r = 1,2,...,infinity, except when r=n+1 or n=4, and also of the group of homeomorphisms of R^n (r=0). We also study the group A_0 of diffeomorphisms of an open manifold M that are isotopic to the identity. If M is the interior of a compact manifold with nonempty boundary, then the quotient of A_0 by the normal subgroup of diffeomorphisms that coincide with the identity near to a given end e of M is simple.
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For a non-compact n-manifold M let H(M) denote the group of homeomorphisms of M endowed with the Whitney topology and H_c(M) the subgroup of H(M) consisting of homeomorphisms with compact support. It is shown that the group H_c(M) is locally contractible and the identity component H_0(M) of H(M) is an open normal subgroup in H_c(M). This induces the topological factorization H_c(M) approx H_0(M) times M_c(M) for the mapping class group M_c(M) = H_c(M)/H_0(M) with the discrete topology. Furthermore, for any non-compact surface M, the pair (H(M), H_c(M)) is locally homeomorphic to (square^w l_2,cbox^w l_2) at the identity id_M of M. Thus the group H_c(M) is an (l_2 times R^infty)-manifold. We also study topological properties of the group D(M) of diffeomorphisms of a non-compact smooth n-manifold M endowed with the Whitney C^infty-topology and the subgroup D_c(M) of D(M) consisting of all diffeomorphisms with compact support. It is shown that the pair (D(M),D_c(M)) is locally homeomorphic to (square^w l_2, cbox^w l_2) at the identity id_M of M. Hence the group D_c(M) is a topological (l_2 times R^infty)-manifold for any dimension n.
The Chabauty space of a topological group is the set of its closed subgroups, endowed with a natural topology. As soon as $n>2$, the Chabauty space of $R^n$ has a rather intricate topology and is not a manifold. By an investigation of its local structure, we fit it into a wider, but too wild, class of topological spaces (namely Goresky-MacPherson stratified spaces). Thanks to a localization theorem, this local study also leads to the main result of this article: the Chabauty space of $R^n$ is simply connected for all $n$. Last, we give an alternative proof of the Hubbard-Pourezza Theorem, which describes the Chabauty space of $R^2$.
This paper uses work of Haettel to classify all subgroups of PGL(4,R) isomorphic to (R^3 , +), up to conjugacy. We use this to show there are 4 families of generalized cusps up to projective equivalence in dimension 3.
We complete the proof of the Generalized Smale Conjecture, apart from the case of $RP^3$, and give a new proof of Gabais theorem for hyperbolic 3-manifolds. We use an approach based on Ricci flow through singularities, which applies uniformly to spherical space forms other than $S^3$ and $RP^3$ and hyperbolic manifolds, to prove that the moduli space of metrics of constant sectional curvature is contractible. As a corollary, for such a 3-manifold $X$, the inclusion $text{Isom} (X,g)to text{Diff}(X)$ is a homotopy equivalence for any Riemannian metric $g$ of constant sectional curvature.
A beautifully simple free generating set for the commutator subgroup of a free group was constructed by Tomaszewski. We give a new geometric proof of his theorem, and show how to give a similar free generating set for the commutator subgroup of a surface group. We also give a simple representation-theoretic description of the structure of the abelianizations of these commutator subgroups and calculate their homology.
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