No Arabic abstract
Within the Standard model with the 4th generation quarks b and t we have analyzed CP-violating flavor changing neutral current processes t -> cX; b-> sX, b-> bX,t-> cX, and t-> tX, with X=Z,H,gamma,g, by constructing and employing global, unique fit for the 4th generation mass mixing matrix CKM4 at 300 < m_t < 700 GeV. All quantities appearing in the CKM4 were subject to our fitting procedure. We have found that our fit produces the following CP partial rate asymmetry dominance: a_CP(b-> s(Z,H,gamma,g))= (90,73,52,30)%, at m_t ~ 300,300,380,400 GeV, respectively. From the experimental point of view the best decay mode, out of the above four, is certainly b-> s gamma, because of the presence of a clean high energy single final state photon. We have also obtained relatively large a_CP(t -> c g) ~ 15 (10)% for t running in the loops with the mass m_t= 650(500) GeV. There are fair chances that the 4th generation quarks will be discovered at Tevatron or LHC and that some of their decay rates shall be measured. If b and t exist at energies we assumed, with well executed tagging, large a_CP could be found too.
We introduce the CP violating scalar leptoquark $S_3$ to explain the measured values of the lepton universality ratios $R_{K^{(*)}}$. We derive constraints on the CP-even and CP-odd components of the leptoquark Yukawa couplings stemming from effects in $b to s mu mu$ and $B_s$ mixing. For the $b to s mu mu$ processes we impose $R_{K^{(*)}}$, $mathcal{B}(B_s to mu^+ mu^-)$, as well as CP-sensitive angular asymmetries $A_{7,8,9}$, whereas in the $B_s$ mixing sector $Delta M_s$ and $S_{psiphi}$ are considered. Combining the constraints within the $S_3$ model reveals that a large CP phase with a definite sign is perfectly viable for a leptoquark of mass below a few TeV. For larger mass of the $S_3$ leptoquark the CP phase is suppressed due to the observables pertaining to the $B_s$ system. We provide predictions of direct and mixing-induced CP asymmetries in $B to K mu mu$ that could reveal the presence of the novel CP phase.
Precision tests of the Kobayashi-Maskawa model of CP violation are discussed, pointing out possible signatures for other sources of CP violation and for new flavor-changing operators. The current status of the most accurate tests is summarized.
We review the possible role that multi-Higgs models may play in our understanding of the dynamics of a heavy 4th sequential generation of fermions. We describe the underlying ingredients of such models, focusing on two Higgs doublets, and discuss how they may effectively accommodate the low energy phenomenology of such new heavy fermionic degrees of freedom. We also discuss the constraints on these models from precision electroweak data as well as from flavor physics and the implications for collider searches of the Higgs particles and of the 4th generation fermions, bearing in mind the recent observation of a light Higgs with a mass of ~125 GeV.
I review the status of CP violation in the Standard Model from the combination of flavour constraints within the CKMfitter frequentist approach and I describe studies of New Physics restricted to the Delta F=2 sector to explain recent results on neutral-meson mixing. All results have been obtained using data available for the Winter 2012 conferences.
We propose to use the unique event topology and reconstruction capabilities of liquid argon time projection chambers to study sub-GeV atmospheric neutrinos. The detection of low energy recoiled protons in DUNE allows for a determination of the leptonic $CP$-violating phase independent from the accelerator neutrino measurement. Our findings indicate that this analysis can exclude several values of $delta_{CP}$ beyond the $3sigma$ level. Moreover, the determination of the sub-GeV atmospheric neutrino flux will have important consequences in the detection of diffuse supernova neutrinos and in dark matter experiments.