جسمات التقاطع تمثل فئة ملهمة من الأجسام الهندسية المرتبطة بأجزاء من الجسمات النجمية والتي تشمل التحويلات الرادون والتحويلات الكوسية المحلولة وتحليل الفوريير المتعلق. التركيز الرئيسي لهذه المقالة هو العلاقة بين التحويلات الكوسية المحلولة من أنواع مختلفة في سياق تطبيقها في التحقيق في عائلة معينة من أجسام التقاطع، التي نسميها أجسام التقاطع $lam$. وتشمل هذه الأخيرة أجسام التقاطع $k$ (في سياق أ. كولدوبسكي) وكرات الوحدات للأبعاد المحدودة من مساحات $L_p$. وبالخصوص، نظرنا في أن القيود على الأبعاد الأقل في التحويلات الرادون الكروية والتحويلات الكوسية المحلولة تحافظ على بنيتها الهندسية الإجمالية. ونطبق هذا النتيجة في دراسة الأجزاء من أجسام التقاطع $lam$. وتم الحصول على تشريحات جديدة لهذه الفئة من الأجسام وتم إعطاء أمثلة. كما أعدنا مراجعة بعض الحقائق المعروفة وأعطيناها دلائل جديدة.
Intersection bodies represent a remarkable class of geometric objects associated with sections of star bodies and invoking Radon transforms, generalized cosine transforms, and the relevant Fourier analysis. The main focus of this article is interrelation between generalized cosine transforms of different kinds in the context of their application to investigation of a certain family of intersection bodies, which we call $lam$-intersection bodies. The latter include $k$-intersection bodies (in the sense of A. Koldobsky) and unit balls of finite-dimensional subspaces of $L_p$-spaces. In particular, we show that restrictions onto lower dimensional subspaces of the spherical Radon transforms and the generalized cosine transforms preserve their integral-geometric structure. We apply this result to the study of sections of $lam$-intersection bodies. New characterizations of this class of bodies are obtained and examples are given. We also review some known facts and give them new proofs.
The discrete cosine and sine transforms are generalized to a triangular fragment of the honeycomb lattice. The honeycomb point sets are constructed by subtracting the root lattice from the weight lattice points of the crystallographic root system $A_2$. The two-variable orbit functions of the Weyl group of $A_2$, discretized simultaneously on the weight and root lattices, induce a novel parametric family of extended Weyl orbit functions. The periodicity and von Neumann and Dirichlet boundary properties of the extended Weyl orbit functions are detailed. Three types of discrete complex Fourier-Weyl transforms and real-valued Hartley-Weyl transforms are described. Unitary transform matrices and interpolating behaviour of the discrete transforms are exemplified. Consequences of the developed discrete transforms for transversal eigenvibrations of the mechanical graphene model are discussed.
The central limit theorem for convex bodies says that with high probability the marginal of an isotropic log-concave distribution along a random direction is close to a Gaussian, with the quantitative difference determined asymptotically by the Cheeger/Poincare/KLS constant. Here we propose a generalized CLT for marginals along random directions drawn from any isotropic log-concave distribution; namely, for $x,y$ drawn independently from isotropic log-concave densities $p,q$, the random variable $langle x,yrangle$ is close to Gaussian. Our main result is that this generalized CLT is quantitatively equivalent (up to a small factor) to the KLS conjecture. Any polynomial improvement in the current KLS bound of $n^{1/4}$ in $mathbb{R}^n$ implies the generalized CLT, and vice versa. This tight connection suggests that the generalized CLT might provide insight into basic open questions in asymptotic convex geometry.
Here we present a novel microlocal analysis of generalized Radon transforms which describe the integrals of $L^2$ functions of compact support over surfaces of revolution of $C^{infty}$ curves $q$. We show that the Radon transforms are elliptic Fourier Integral Operators (FIO) and provide an analysis of the left projections $Pi_L$. Our main theorem shows that $Pi_L$ satisfies the semi-global Bolker assumption if and only if $g=q/q$ is an immersion. An analysis of the visible singularities is presented, after which we derive novel Sobolev smoothness estimates for the Radon FIO. Our theory has specific applications of interest in Compton Scattering Tomography (CST) and Bragg Scattering Tomography (BST). We show that the CST and BST integration curves satisfy the Bolker assumption and provide simulated reconstructions from CST and BST data. Additionally we give example sinusoidal integration curves which do not satisfy Bolker and provide simulations of the image artefacts. The observed artefacts in reconstruction are shown to align exactly with our predictions.
A classical computer does not allow to calculate a discrete cosine transform on N points in less than linear time. This trivial lower bound is no longer valid for a computer that takes advantage of quantum mechanical superposition, entanglement, and interference principles. In fact, we show that it is possible to realize the discrete cosine transforms and the discrete sine transforms of size NxN and types I,II,III, and IV with as little as O(log^2 N) operations on a quantum computer, whereas the known fast algorithms on a classical computer need O(N log N) operations.
Let $G_{n,r}(bbK)$ be the Grassmannian manifold of $k$-dimensional $bbK$-subspaces in $bbK^n$ where $bbK=mathbb R, mathbb C, mathbb H$ is the field of real, complex or quaternionic numbers. We consider the Radon, cosine and sine transforms, $mathcal R_{r^prime, r}$, $mathcal C_{r^prime, r}$ and $mathcal S_{r^prime, r}$, from the $L^2$ space $L^2(G_{n,r}(bbK))$ to the space $L^2(G_{n,r^prime}(bbK))$, for $r, r^prime le n-1$. The $L^2$ spaces are decomposed into irreducible representations of $G$ with multiplicity free. We compute the spectral symbols of the transforms under the decomposition. For that purpose we prove two Bernstein-Sato type formulas on general root systems of type BC for the sine and cosine type functions on the compact torus $mathbb R^r/{2pi Q^vee}$ generalizing our recent results for the hyperbolic sine and cosine functions on the non-compact space $mathbb R^r$. We find then also a characterization of the images of the transforms. Our results generalize those of Alesker-Bernstein and Grinberg. We prove further that the Knapp-Stein intertwining operator for certain induced representations is given by the sine transform and we give the unitary structure of the Steins complementary series in the compact picture.