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Proof of the strong Density Hypothesis

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 Added by arXiv Admin
 Publication date 2010
  fields
and research's language is English
 Authors Yuanyou Cheng




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The Riemann hypothesis, conjectured by Bernhard Riemann in 1859, claims that the non-trivial zeros of $zeta(s)$ lie on the line $Re(s) =1/2$. The density hypothesis is a conjectured estimate $N(lambda, T) =Obigl(Tsp{2(1-lambda) +epsilon} bigr)$ for any $epsilon >0$, where $N(lambda, T)$ is the number of zeros of $zeta(s)$ when $Re(s) gelambda$ and $0 <Im(s) le T$, with $1/2 le lambda le 1$ and $T >0$. The Riemann-von Mangoldt Theorem confirms this estimate when $lambda =1/2$, with $Tsp{epsilon}$ being replaced by $log T$. In an attempt to transform Backlunds proof of the Riemann-von Mangoldt Theorem to a proof of the density hypothesis by convexity, we discovered a different approach utilizing an auxiliary function. The crucial point is that this function should be devised to be symmetric with respect to $Re(s) =1/2$ and about the size of the Euler Gamma function on the right hand side of the line $Re(s) =1/2$. Moreover, it should be analytic and without any zeros in the concerned region. We indeed found such a function, which we call pseudo-Gamma function. With its help, we are able to establish a proof of the density hypothesis. Actually, we give the result explicitly and our result is even stronger than the original density hypothesis, namely it yields $N(lambda, T) le 8.734 log T$ for any $1/2 < lambda < 1$ and $Tge 2445999554999$.



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121 - Jinzhu Han 2016
In this article, we will prove Riemann Hypothesis by using the mean value theorem of integrals. The function $ xi(s) $ is introduced by Riemann, which zeros are identical equal to non-trivial zeros of zeta function.The function $ xi(s) $ is an entire function, and its real part and imaginary part can be represented as infinite integral form. In the special condition, the mean value theorem of integrals is established for infinite integral. Using the mean value theorem of integrals and the isolation of zeros of analytic function, we determined that all zeros of the function $ xi(s) $ have real part equal to$frac{1}{2}$, namely, all non-trivial zeros of zeta function lies on the critical line. Riemann Hypothesis is true.
278 - Yuanyou Cheng 2013
The Riemann hypothesis is equivalent to the $varpi$-form of the prime number theorem as $varpi(x) =O(xsp{1/2} logsp{2} x)$, where $varpi(x) =sumsb{nle x} bigl(Lambda(n) -1big)$ with the sum running through the set of all natural integers. Let ${mathsf Z}(s) = -tfrac{zetasp{prime}(s)}{zeta(s)} -zeta(s)$. We use the classical integral formula for the Heaviside function in the form of ${mathsf H}(x) =intsb{m -iinfty} sp{m +iinfty} tfrac{xsp{s}}{s} dd s$ where $m >0$, and ${mathsf H}(x)$ is 0 when $tfrac{1}{2} <x <1$, $tfrac{1}{2}$ when $x=1$, and 1 when $x >1$. However, we diverge from the literature by applying Cauchys residue theorem to the function ${mathsf Z}(s) cdot tfrac{xsp{s}} {s}$, rather than $-tfrac{zetasp{prime}(s)} {zeta(s)} cdot tfrac{xsp{s}}{s}$, so that we may utilize the formula for $tfrac{1}{2}< m <1$, under certain conditions. Starting with the estimate on $varpi(x)$ from the trivial zero-free region $sigma >1$ of ${mathsf Z}(s)$, we use induction to reduce the size of the exponent $theta$ in $varpi(x) =O(xsp{theta} logsp{2} x)$, while we also use induction on $x$ when $theta$ is fixed. We prove that the Riemann hypothesis is valid under the assumptions of the explicit strong density hypothesis and the Lindelof hypothesis recently proven, via a result of the implication on the zero free regions from the remainder terms of the prime number theorem by the power sum method of Turan.
164 - Fayang Qiu 2018
Starting from the symmetrical reflection functional equation of the zeta function, we have found that the sigma values satisfying zeta(s) = 0 must also satisfy both |zeta(s)| = |zeta(1 - s)| and |gamma(s/2)zeta(s)| = |gamma((1 - s)/2)zeta(1 - s)|. We have shown that sigma = 1/2 is the only numeric solution that satisfies this requirement.
We study the algebraic structure of the eigenvalues of a Hamiltonian that corresponds to a many-body fermionic system. As the Hamiltonian is quadratic in fermion creation and/or annihilation operators, the system is exactly integrable and the complete single fermion excitation energy spectrum is constructed using the non-interacting fermions that are eigenstates of the quadratic matrix related to the system Hamiltonian. Connection to the Riemann Hypothesis is discussed.
The yet unproven Collatz conjecture maintains that repeatedly connecting even numbers n to n/2, and odd n to 3n + 1, connects all natural numbers by a unique root path to the Collatz tree with 1 as its root. The Collatz tree proves to be a Hilbert hotel. Numbers divisible by 2 or 3 depart. An infinite binary tree remains with one upward and one rightward child per number. Rightward numbers, and infinitely many generations of their upward descendants, each with a well-defined root path, depart thereafter. The Collatz tree is a Hilbert hotel because still higher upward descendants keep descending to all unoccupied nodes. The density of already departed numbers comes nevertheless arbitrarily close to 100% of the natural numbers. The latter proves the Collatz conjecture.
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