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Register a new userTransport and infrared properties of SmFeAs(O1-xFx): from SDW to superconducting ordering
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We report measurements of resistivity, magnetoresistivity, Hall effect, Seebeck coefficient, infrared reflectivity of undoped SmFeAsO and lightly doped SmFeAs(O0.93F0.07) oxypnictides. All the properties measured on SmFeAsO are characterized by clear signatures of the magnetic instability. A self-consistent picture emerges in which below the magnetic transition carrier condensation occurs due to the opening of spin density wave (SDW) gap. This is accompanied by the mobility increase of not gapped carriers due to the suppression of electron-electron scattering. SmFeAs(O0.93F0.07) exhibits an increase of the metallic character on cooling consistent with electron doping, even though at room temperature values of all the properties nearly overlaps with those of SmFeAsO. However, with temperature decrease all anomalies related to the SDW instability are missed and the superconducting transition occurs. This suggests that doping breaks abruptly the symmetries of the Fermi surface inhibiting the SDW formation in favor of the superconducting transition, with no substantial changes in the density of states or in the effective mass.
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High temperature superconductors with a Tc above 40 K have been found to be strongly correlated electron systems and to have a layered structure. Guided by these rules, Kamihara et al. discovered a Tc up to 26 K in the layered La(O1-xFx)FeAs. By replacing La with tri-valence rare-earth elements RE of smaller ionic radii, Tc has subsequently been raised to 41-52 K. Many theoretical models have been proposed emphasizing the important magnetic origin of superconductivity in this compound system and a possible further Tc-enhancement in RE(O1-xFx)FeAs by compression. This later prediction appears to be supported by the pressure-induced Tc-increase in La(O0.89F0.11)FeAs observed. Here we show that, in contrast to previous expectations, pressure can either suppress or enhance Tc, depending on the doping level, suggesting that a Tc exceeding 50s K may be found only in the yet-to-be discovered compound systems related to but different from R(O1-xFx)FeAs and that the Tc of La(O1-xFx)FeAs and Sm(O1-xFx)FeAs may be further raised to 50s K.
SmFeAsO1-xFx tapes were prepared using three kinds of starting materials. It shows that the starting materials have an obvious effect on the impurity phases in final superconducting tapes. Compared with the other samples, the samples fabricated by SmAs, FeO, Fe2As, and SmF3 have the smallest arsenide impurity phase and voids. As a result, these samples possess much denser structure and better grain connectivity. Moreover, among the three kinds of samples fabricated in this work, this kind of sample has the highest zero-resistivity temperature ~40 K and largest critical current density ~4600 A/cm^2 in self-field at 4.2 K. This is the highest Jc values reported so far for SmFeAsO1-xFx wires and tapes.
The recently discovered quaternary arsenide oxide superconductor La[O1-xFx]FeAs with the superconducting critical transition temperature (Tc) of 26 K [1], has been quickly expanded to another high-Tc superconducting system beyond copper oxides by the replacement of La with other rare earth elements, such as Sm, Ce, and Pr etc. [2-4], and the Pr[O1-xFx]FeAs has become to be the first non-cuprate superconductor that holding a Tc above 50 K. All these arsenide (including phosphide) superconductors formed in a same tetragonal layered structure with the space group P4/nmm which has an alternant stacked Fe-As layer and RO (R = rare earth metals) layer. Here we report the discovery of another superconductor in this system, the neodymium-arsenide Nd[O1-xFx]FeAs with an resistivity onset Tc of 51.9 K, which is the second non-cuprate compound that superconducts above 50 K.
The issue concerning the nature and the role of microstructural inhomogeneities in iron chalcogenide superconducting crystals of FeTe0.65Se0.35 and their correlation with transport properties of this system was addressed. Presented data demonstrate that chemical disorder originating from the kinetics of the crystal growth process significantly influences the superconducting properties of an Fe-Te-Se system. Transport measurements of the transition temperature and critical current density performed for microscopic bridges allow us to deduce the local properties of a superconductor with microstructural inhomogeneities, and significant differences were noted. The variances observed in the local properties were explained as a consequence of weak superconducting links existing in the studied crystals. The results confirm that inhomogeneous spatial distribution of ions and small hexagonal symmetry nanoscale regions with nanoscale phase separation also seem to enhance the superconductivity in this system with respect to the values of the critical current density. Magnetic measurements confirm the conclusions drawn from the transport measurements.
In high-transition temperature (high-Tc) copper oxides, it is generally believed that antiferromagnetism plays a fundamental role in the superconducting mechanism because superconductivity occurs when mobile electrons or holes are doped into the antiferromagnetic parent compounds. The recent discovery of superconductivity in the rare-earth (R) iron-based oxide systems [RO1-xFxFeAs] has generated enormous interest because these materials are the first noncopper oxide superconductors with Tc exceeding 50 K. The parent (nonsuperconducting) LaOFeAs material is metallic but shows anomalies near 150 K in both resistivity and dc magnetic susceptibility. While optical conductivity and theoretical calculations suggest that LaOFeAs exhibits a spin-density-wave (SDW) instability that is suppressed with doping electrons to form superconductivity, there has been no direct evidence of the SDW order. Here we use neutron scattering to demonstrate that LaOFeAs undergoes an abrupt structural distortion below ~150 K, changing the symmetry from tetragonal (space group P4/nmm) to monoclinic (space group P112/n) at low temperatures, and then followed with the development of long range SDW-type antiferromagnetic order at ~134 K with a small moment but simple magnetic structure. Doping the system with flourine suppresses both the magnetic order and structural distortion in favor of superconductivity. Therefore, much like high-Tc copper oxides, the superconducting regime in these Fe-based materials occurs in close proximity to a long-range ordered antiferromagnetic ground state. Since the discovery of long
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