No Arabic abstract
We have performed a spatially-resolved medium resolution long-slit spectroscopy of a nearby E+A (post-starburst) galaxy system, SDSSJ161330.18+510335.5. This E+A galaxy has an obvious companion galaxy 14kpc in front with the velocity difference of 61.8 km/s. Both galaxies have obviously disturbed morphology We have found that H$delta$ equivalent width (EW) of the E+A galaxy is greater than 7AA galaxy wide (8.5 kpc). The E+A galaxy have a weak [OIII] emission (EW$sim$1AA) by $sim$2.6 kpc offset from the peak of the Balmer absorption lines. We detected a rotational velocity in the companion galaxy of $>$175km/s. The progenitor of the companion may have been a rotationally-supported, but yet passive S0 galaxy. The age of the E+A galaxy after quenching the star formation is estimated to be 100-500 Myr, with its centre having slightly younger stellar population. These findings are inconsistent with a simple picture where the dynamical interaction creates infall of the gas reservoir that causes the central starburst/post-starburst. Instead, our results present an important example where the galaxy-galaxy interaction can trigger a galaxy-wide post-starburst phenomena.
We reveal cosmic star-formation history obscured by dust using deep infrared observation with the AKARI. A continuous filter coverage in the mid-IR wavelength (2.4, 3.2, 4.1, 7, 9, 11, 15, 18, and 24um) by the AKARI satellite allows us to estimate restframe 8um and 12um luminosities without using a large extrapolation based on a SED fit, which was the largest uncertainty in previous work. We found that restframe 8um (0.38<z<2.2), 12um (0.15<z<1.16), and total infrared (TIR) luminosity functions (LFs) (0.2<z<1.6) constructed from the AKARI NEP deep data, show a continuous and strong evolution toward higher redshift. In terms of cosmic infrared luminosity density (Omega_IR), which was obtained by integrating analytic fits to the LFs, we found a good agreement with previous work at z<1.2, with Omega_IR propto (1+z)^4.4+-1.0. When we separate contributions to Omega_IR by LIRGs and ULIRGs, we found more IR luminous sources are increasingly more important at higher redshift. We found that the ULIRG (LIRG) contribution increases by a factor of 10 (1.8) from z=0.35 to z=1.4.
We present high spatial resolution 21cm HI observations of EA01A and EA01B, a pair of interacting post-starburst, or E+A, galaxies at z = 0.0746. Based on optical HST/WFPC2 images, both galaxies are known to display disturbed morphologies. They also appear to be linked by a bridge of stars. Previous HI observations Chang et al. (2001) had already uncovered sizable quantities of neutral gas in or near these galaxies but they lacked the spatial resolution to locate the gas with any precision within this galactic binary system. We have analysed deep, high resolution archival VLA observations of the couple. We find evidence for three gaseous tidal tails; one connected to EA01A and two emanating from EA01B. These findings confirm, independently from the optical imaging, that (i) EA01A and EA01B are actively interacting, and that, as a consequence, the starbursts that occurred in these galaxies were most likely triggered by this interaction, and that (ii) 6.6+-0.9 10^9 Msun of neutral gas are still present in the immediate vicinity of the optical bodies of both galaxies. The HI column density is lowest at the optical positions of the galaxies, suggesting that most of the neutral gas that is visible in our maps is associated with the tidal arms and not with the galaxies themselves. This might provide an explanation for the apparent lack of ongoing star formation in these galaxies.
Using infrared imaging from the Herschel Space Observatory, observed as part of the VNGS, we investigate the spatially resolved dust properties of the interacting Whirlpool galaxy system (NGC 5194 and NGC 5195), on physical scales of 1 kpc. Spectral energy distribution modelling of the new infrared images in combination with archival optical, near- through mid-infrared images confirms that both galaxies underwent a burst of star formation ~370-480 Myr ago and provides spatially resolved maps of the stellar and dust mass surface densities. The resulting average dust-to-stellar mass ratios are comparable to other spiral and spheroidal galaxies studied with Herschel, with NGC 5194 at log M(dust)/M(star)= -2.5+/-0.2 and NGC 5195 at log M(dust)/M(star)= -3.5+/-0.3. The dust-to-stellar mass ratio is constant across NGC 5194 suggesting the stellar and dust components are coupled. In contrast, the mass ratio increases with radius in NGC 5195 with decreasing stellar mass density. Archival mass surface density maps of the neutral and molecular hydrogen gas are also folded into our analysis. The gas-to-dust mass ratio, 94+/-17, is relatively constant across NGC 5194. Somewhat surprisingly, we find the dust in NGC 5195 is heated by a strong interstellar radiation field, over 20 times that of the ISRF in the Milky Way, resulting in relatively high characteristic dust temperatures (~30 K). This post-starburst galaxy contains a substantial amount of low-density molecular gas and displays a gas-to-dust ratio (73+/-35) similar to spiral galaxies. It is unclear why the dust in NGC 5195 is heated to such high temperatures as there is no star formation in the galaxy and its active galactic nucleus is 5-10 times less luminous than the one in NGC 5194, which exhibits only a modest enhancement in the amplitude of its ISRF.
3C295 is a bright, compact steep spectrum source with a well-studied integrated radio spectral energy distribution (SED) from 132 MHz to 15 GHz. However, spatially resolved spectral studies have been limited due to a lack of high resolution images at low radio frequencies. These frequencies are crucial for measuring absorption processes, and anchoring the overall spectral modelling of the radio SED. In this paper, we use International LOFAR (LOw-Frequency ARray) Telescope (ILT) observations of 3C295 to study its spatially resolved spectral properties with sub-arcsecond resolution at 132 MHz. Combining our new 132 MHz observation with archival data at 1.6 GHz, 4.8 GHz, and 15 GHz, we are able to carry out a resolved radio spectral analysis. The spectral properties of the hotspots provides evidence for low frequency flattening. In contrast, the spectral shape across the lobes is consistent with a JP spectral ageing model. Using the integrated spectral information for each component, we then fit low-frequency absorption models to the hotspots, finding that both free-free absorption and synchrotron self-absorption models provide a better fit to the data than a standard power law. Although we can say there is low-frequency absorption present in the hotspots of 3C295, future observations with the Low Band Antenna of the ILT at 55 MHz may allow us to distinguish the type of absorption.
The transneptunian region of the solar system is populated by a wide variety of icy bodies showing great diversity. The dwarf planet (136108) Haumea is among the largest TNOs and displays a highly elongated shape and hosts two moons, covered with crystalline water ice like Hamuea. Haumea is also the largest member of the sole TNO family known to date. A catastrophic collision is likely responsible for its unique characteristics. We report here on the analysis of a new set of observations of Haumea obtained with SINFONI at the ESO VLT. Combined with previous data, and using light-curve measurements in the optical and far infrared, we carry out a rotationally resolved spectroscopic study of the surface of Haumea. We describe the physical characteristics of the crystalline water ice present on the surface of Haumea for both regions, in and out of the Dark Red Spot (DRS), and analyze the differences obtained for each individual spectrum. The presence of crystalline water ice is confirmed over more than half of the surface of Haumea. Our measurements of the average spectral slope confirm the redder characteristic of the spot region. Detailed analysis of the crystalline water-ice absorption bands do not show significant differences between the DRS and the remaining part of the surface. We also present the results of applying Hapke modeling to our data set. The best spectral fit is obtained with a mixture of crystalline water ice (grain sizes smaller than 60 micron) with a few percent of amorphous carbon. Improvements to the fit are obtained by adding ~10% of amorphous water ice. Additionally, we used the IFU-reconstructed images to measure the relative astrometric position of the largest satellite Hi`iaka and determine its orbital elements. An orbital solution was computed with our genetic-based algorithm GENOID and our results are in full agreement with recent results.