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Register a new userCharm Physics - A Field Full with Challenges and Opportunities
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In this review, we discuss some interesting issues in charm physics which is full with puzzles and challenges. So far in the field there exist many problems which have not obtained satisfactory answers yet and more unexpected phenomena have been observed at the present facilities of high energy physics. Charm physics may become an ideal place for searching new resonances and studying non-perturbative QCD effects, moreover probably is an area to explore new physics beyond the Standard Model. More data will be available at BESIII, B-factories, LHC and even future ILC which may open a wide window to a better understanding of the nature.
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A linear electron-positron collider operating at TeV scale energies will provide high precision measurements and allow, for example, precision studies of the Higgs boson as well as searches for physics beyond the standard model. A future linear collider should produce collisions at high energy, with high luminosity and with a good wall plug to beam power transfer efficiency. The luminosity per power consumed is a key metric that can be used to compare linear collider concepts. The plasma wakefield accelerator has demonstrated high-gradient, high-efficiency acceleration of an electron beam, and is therefore a promising technology for a future linear collider. We will go through the opportunities of using plasma wakefield acceleration technology for a collider, as well as a few of the collider-specific challenges that must be addressed in order for a high-energy, high luminosity-per-power plasma wakefield collider to become a reality.
Exciting new scientific opportunities are presented for the PANDA detector at the High Energy Storage Ring in the redefined $bar{text{p}} text{p}(A)$ collider mode, HESR-C, at the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) in Europe. The high luminosity, $L sim 10^{31}$ cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$, and a wide range of intermediate and high energies, $sqrt{s_{text{NN}}}$ up to 30 GeV for $bar{text{p}} text{p}(A)$ collisions will allow to explore a wide range of exciting topics in QCD, including the study of the production of excited open charm and bottom states, nuclear bound states containing heavy (anti)quarks, the interplay of hard and soft physics in the dilepton production, and the exploration of the regime where gluons -- but not quarks -- experience strong interaction.
The origin of the matter-antimatter asymmetry apparently obligates the laws of physics to include some mechanism of baryon number ($mathcal{B}$) violation. Searches for interactions violating $mathcal{B}$ and baryon-minus-lepton number $mathcal{(B-L)}$ represent a rich and underutilized opportunity. These are complementary to the existing, broad program of searches for $mathcal{L}$-violating modes such as neutrinoless double $beta$-decay which could provide deeper understandings of the plausibility of leptogenesis, or $mathcal{B}$-violating, $mathcal{(B-L)}$-conserving processes such as proton decay. In particular, a low-scale, post-sphaleron violation mechanism of $mathcal{(B-L)}$ could provide a textit{testable} form of baryogenesis. Though theoretically compelling, searches for such $mathcal{(B-L)}$-violating processes like $Deltamathcal{B}=2$ dinucleon decay and $nrightarrowbar{n}$ remain relatively underexplored experimentally compared to other rare processes. By taking advantage of upcoming facilities such as the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment and the European Spallation Source, this gap can be addressed with new intranuclear and free searches for neutron transformations with very high sensitivity, perhaps greater than three orders of magnitude higher than previous experimental searches. This proceedings reports on recent theoretical and experimental advances and sensitivities of next-generation searches for neutron transformations were detailed as part of the Amherst Center for Fundamental Interactions Workshop, Theoretical Innovations for Future Experiments Regarding Baryon Number Violation, directly coordinated with the Rare Processes and Precision Measurements Frontier.
We present a systematic survey of possible short-distance new-physics effects in (semi)leptonic charged- and neutral-current charmed meson decays. Using the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT) to analyze the most relevant experimental data at low and high energies, we demonstrate a striking complementarity between charm decays and high invariant mass lepton tails at the LHC. Interestingly enough, high-$p_T$ Drell-Yan data offer competitive constraints on most new physics scenarios. Furthermore, the full set of correlated constraints from $K$, $pi$ and $tau$ decays imposed by $SU(2)_L$ gauge invariance is considered. The bounds from $D_{(s)}$ decays, high-$p_T$ lepton tails and $SU(2)_L$ relations chart the space of the SMEFT affecting semi(leptonic) charm flavor transitions.
The Higgs bosons and the top quark decay into rich and diverse final states, containing both light and heavy quarks, gluons, photons as well as W and Z bosons. The precise identification and reconstruction of these final states at the FCC-ee relies on the capability of the detector to provide excellent flavour tagging, jet energy and angular resolution, and global kinematic event reconstruction. Excellent flavour tagging performance requires low material vertex and tracking detectors, and advanced machine learning (ML) techniques as successfully employed in LHC experiments. In addition, the Z pole run will provide abundant samples of heavy flavour partons that can be used for calibration of the tagging algorithms. For the reconstruction of jets, leptons and missing energy, particle-flow algorithms are crucial to explore the full potential of the highly granular tracking and calorimeter systems, and give access to excellent energy-momentum resolution and precise identification of heavy bosons in their hadronic decays. This enables, among many other key elements, the reconstruction of Higgsstrahlung processes with leptonically and hadronically decaying Z bosons, and an almost background-free identification of top quark pair events. Exploiting the full available kinematic constraints together with exclusive jet clustering algorithms will allow for the optimisation of global event reconstruction with kinematic fitting techniques.
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