The direct product of two Hilbert schemes of the same surface has natural K-theory classes given by the alternating Ext groups between the two ideal sheaves in question, twisted by a line bundle. We express the Chern classes of these virtual bundles in terms of Nakajima operators.
We prove some combinatorial conjectures extending those proposed in [13, 14]. The proof uses a vertex operator due to Nekrasov, Okounkov, and the first author [4] to obtain a gluing formula for the relevant generating series, essentially reducing the computation to the case of complex projective space with three punctures.
A representation of the central extension of the unitary Lie algebra coordinated with a skew Laurent polynomial ring is constructed using vertex operators over an integral Z_2-lattice. The irreducible decomposition of the representation is explicitly computed and described. As a by-product, some fundamental representations of affine Kac-Moody Lie algebra of type $A_n^{(2)}$ are recovered by the new method.
In arXiv:0907.3784, we introduced a variant of non-commutative Donaldson-Thomas theory in a combinatorial way, which is related with topological vertex by a wall-crossing phenomenon. In this paper, we (1) provide an alternative definition in a geometric way, (2) show that the two definitions agree with each other and (3) compute the invariants using the vertex operator method, following Okounkov-Reshetikhin-Vafa and Young. The stability parameter in the geometric definition determines the order of the vertex operators and hence we can understand the wall-crossing formula in non-commutative Donaldson-Thomas theory as the commutator relation of the vertex operators.
We define convex-geometric counterparts of divided difference (or Demazure) operators from the Schubert calculus and representation theory. These operators are used to construct inductively polytopes that capture Demazure characters of representations of reductive groups. In particular, Gelfand-Zetlin polytopes and twisted cubes of Grossberg-Karshon are obtained in a uniform way.
In this paper, we explore a canonical connection between the algebra of $q$-difference operators $widetilde{V}_{q}$, affine Lie algebra and affine vertex algebras associated to certain subalgebra $mathcal{A}$ of the Lie algebra $mathfrak{gl}_{infty}$. We also introduce and study a category $mathcal{O}$ of $widetilde{V}_{q}$-modules. More precisely, we obtain a realization of $widetilde{V}_{q}$ as a covariant algebra of the affine Lie algebra $widehat{mathcal{A}^{*}}$, where $mathcal{A}^{*}$ is a 1-dimensional central extension of $mathcal{A}$. We prove that restricted $widetilde{V_{q}}$-modules of level $ell_{12}$ correspond to $mathbb{Z}$-equivariant $phi$-coordinated quasi-modules for the vertex algebra $V_{widetilde{mathcal{A}}}(ell_{12},0)$, where $widetilde{mathcal{A}}$ is a generalized affine Lie algebra of $mathcal{A}$. In the end, we show that objects in the category $mathcal{O}$ are restricted $widetilde{V_{q}}$-modules, and we classify simple modules in the category $mathcal{O}$.