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Yang Bai
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We construct a little Higgs model with the most minimal extension of the standard model gauge group by an extra U(1) gauge symmetry. For specific charge assignments of scalars, an approximate U(3) global symmetry appears in the cutoff-squared scalar mass terms generated from gauge bosons at one-loop level. Hence, the Higgs boson, identified as a pseudo-Goldstone boson of the broken global symmetry, has its mass radiatively protected up to scales of 5-10 TeV. In this model, a Z2 symmetry, ensuring the two U(1) gauge groups to be identical, also makes the extra massive neutral gauge boson stable and a viable dark matter candidate with a promising prospect of direct detection.
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Based on a recent idea by Krohn and Yavin, we construct a little Higgs model with an internal parity that is not broken by anomalous Wess-Zumino-Witten terms. The model is a modification of the minimal moose models by Arkani-Hamed et al. and Cheng and Low. The new parity prevents large corrections to oblique electroweak parameters and leads to a viable dark matter candidate. It is shown how the complete Standard Model particle content, including quarks and leptons together with their Yukawa couplings, can be implemented. Successful electroweak symmetry breaking and consistency with electroweak precision constraints is achieved for natural paramters choices. A rich spectrum of new particles is predicted at the TeV scale, some of which have sizable production cross sections and striking decay signatures at the LHC.
This is the mini-review on Dark Matter in the 2012 edition of the Particle Data Groups Review of Particle Properties. After briefly summarizing the arguments in favor of the existence of Dark Matter, we list possible candidates, ranging in mass from a fraction of an eV (e.g., axions) to many solar masses (e.g., primordial black holes), and discuss ways to detect them. The main emphasis is on Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs). A large international effort is being made to detect them directly, or else to detect their annihilation products. We explain why we consider all claims to have established a positive signal for WIMPs in either direct or indirect detection to be premature. We also introduce the concept of a {it WIMP safe} minimal mass; below this mass, the interpretation of a given direct search experiment depends strongly on the tail of the WIMP velocity distribution and/or on the experimental energy resolution.
We discuss the correlation between dark matter and Higgs decays in gauge theories where the dark matter is predicted from anomaly cancellation. In these theories, the Higgs responsible for the breaking of the gauge symmetry generates the mass for the dark matter candidate. We investigate the Higgs decays in the minimal gauge theory for Baryon number. After imposing the dark matter density and direct detection constraints, we find that the new Higgs can have a large branching ratio into two photons or into dark matter. Furthermore, we discuss the production channels and the unique signatures at the Large Hadron Collider.
We give a brief review of recent developments in non-supersymmetric models for electroweak symmetry breaking, including little Higgs, composite Higgs and Higgsless theories. The new ideas such as extra dimensions, AdS/CFT correspondence, dimension-deconstruction, and collective symmetry breaking provide us new tools to construct new models. They also allow some old ideas to be revived and implemented in these new models.
We analyse the consequences of the little Higgs model for double Higgs boson production at the LHC and for the partial decay width of the Higgs into two photons. In particular, we study the sensitivity of these processes in terms of the parameters of the model. We find that the little Higgs model contributions are proportional to (v/f)^4 and hence do not change significantly either single or double Higgs production at hadron colliders or the partial decay width of the Higgs into two photons as compared to the standard model predictions. However, when interference and mixing effects are properly taken into account these contributions increase to be of the order of (v/f)^2.
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