No Arabic abstract
Here we report the observation of Fermi surface (FS) pockets via the Shubnikov de Haas effect in Na$_x$CoO$_2$ for $x = 0.71$ and 0.84, respectively. Our observations indicate that the FS expected for each compound intersects their corresponding Brillouin zones, as defined by the previously reported superlattice structures, leading to small reconstructed FS pockets, but only if a precise number of holes per unit cell is emph{localized}. For $0.71 leq x < 0.75$ the coexistence of itinerant carriers and localized $S =1/2$ spins on a paramagnetic triangular superlattice leads at low temperatures to the observation of a deviation from standard Fermi-liquid behavior in the electrical transport and heat capacity properties, suggesting the formation of some kind of quantum spin-liquid ground state.
We report the effects of electron doping on the crystal structure and electrical resistivity of LaOBiS$_{2-x}$F$_x$ (0.05 $leq$ $x$ $leq$ 0.2). The $ab$ plane is found to be relatively insensitive to the amount of F, whereas the $c$ axis shrinks continuously with increasing $x$, suggesting that the doped F atoms substitute selectively into the apical sites in the BiS$_2$ layer. At $x$ = 0.10, as the temperature is decreased from room temperature, the electrical resistivity is temperature-independent from room temperature to 285 K, increases linearly with decreasing temperature from 285 K to 205 K and then shows obvious insulating behavior below 205 K, which may be due to strong spin-orbit coupling. LaOBiS$_{1.9}$F$_{0.1}$ shows the significantly weak and temperature-independent diamagnetism without any evident anomalies caused by a phase transition.
We report an electrical transport study in Ca$_{2-x}$Sr$_{x}$RuO$_4$ single crystals at high magnetic fields ($B$). For $x =0.2$, the Hall constant $R_{xy}$ decreases sharply at an anisotropic metamagnetic (MM) transition reaching its value for Sr$_2$RuO$_4$ at high fields. A sharp decrease in the $A$ coefficient of the resistivity $T^2$-term and a change in the structure of the angular magnetoresistance oscillations (AMRO) for $B$ rotating in the planes, confirms the reconstruction of the Fermi surface (FS). Our observations and LDA calculations indicate a strong dependence of the FS on the Ca concentration and suggest the coexistence of itinerant and localized electronic states in single layered ruthenates.
In order to investigate physical properties around a ferromagnetic (FM) quantum transition point and a tricritical point (TCP) in the itinerant-electron metamagnetic compound UCoAl, we have performed the $^{59}$Co nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) measurement for the Fe-substituted U(Co$_{1-x}$Fe$_x$)Al ($x$ = 0, 0.5, 1, and 2%) in zero external magnetic field. The Fe concentration dependence of $^{59}$Co-NQR spectra at low temperatures indicates that the first-order FM transition occurs at least above $x$ = 1%. The magnetic fluctuations along the $c$ axis detected by the nuclear spin-spin relaxation rate $1/T_2$ exhibit an anomaly at $T_mathrm{max}$ $sim$ 20 K and enhance with increasing $x$. These results are in good agreement with theoretical predictions and indicate the presence of prominent critical fluctuations at the TCP in this system.
Band structure of metallic sodium cobaltate Na$_x$CoO$_2$ ($x$=0.33, 0.48, 0.61 0.72) has been investigated by local density approximation+Hubbard $U$ (LDA+$U$) method and within Gutzwiller approximation for the Co-$t_{2g}$ manifold. Correlation effects being taken into account results in suppression of the $e_g$ hole pockets at the Fermi surface in agreement with recent angle-resolved photo-emission spectroscopy (ARPES) experiments. In the Gutzwiller approximation the bilayer splitting is significantly reduced due to the correlation effects. The formation of high spin (HS) state in Co $d$-shell was shown to be very improbable.
Electron-electron (e-e) and electron-hole (e-h) interactions are often associated with many exotic phenomena in correlated electron systems. Here, we report an observation of anomalous excitons at 3.75 , 4.67 and 6.11 eV at 4.2 K in bulk-SrTiO$_3$. Fully supported by ab initio GW Bethe-Salpeter equation calculations, these excitons are due to surprisingly strong e-h and e-e interactions with different characters: 4.67 and 6.11 eV are resonant excitons and 3.75 eV is a bound Wannier-like exciton with an unexpectedly higher level of delocalization. Measurements and calculations on SrTi$_{1-x}$Nb$_x$O$_3$ for 0.0001$leq$x$leq$0.005 further show that energy and spectral-weight of the excitonic peaks vary as a function of electron doping (x) and temperature, which are attributed to screening effects. Our results show the importance of e-h and e-e interactions yielding to anomalous excitons and thus bring out a new fundamental perspective in SrTiO$_3$.