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Register a new user$Lambda N$ correlations from the stopped $K^-$ reaction on ${}^4$He
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We have investigated correlations of coincident $Lambda N$ pairs from the stopped $K^-$ reaction on ${}^4$He, and clearly observed $Lambda p$ and $Lambda n$ branches of the two-nucleon absorption process in the $Lambda N$ invariant mass spectra. In addition, non-mesonic reaction channels, which indicate possible exotic signals for the formation of strange multibaryon states, have been identified.
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We have observed an intense high-energy component in an inclusive $^4$He(stopped $K^-$, $d$) spectrum. For back-to-back $Lambda d$ pairs a prominent event cluster has been found just below the $m_{^4textrm{He}}+m_{K^-}-m_{n}$ mass threshold in the $Lambda d$ invariant mass spectrum of $Lambda dn$ events, which is evidence for a three-nucleon absorption process of $K^-$ in $^4$He. In addition, an appreciable strength is revealed below $sim$3220 MeV/$c^2$. Well separated $Sigma^0 dn$ events show a peak similar to the case of $Lambda dn$.
We measured the neutron time-of-flight spectrum in the ^4He(stopped K^-, n) reaction by stopping negative kaons in a superfluid helium target. A clear enhancement was observed in the neutron spectrum, which indicates the formation of a strange tribaryon of charge +1 with a mass and width of M = 3141 +/- 3 (stat.) +4/-1 (sys.) MeV/c^2 and G < 23 MeV/c^2. This state, denoted as S^+(3140), is about 25 MeV/c^2 higher than the previously observed S^0(3115) T=1.
To search for an S= -1 di-baryonic state which decays to $Lambda p$, the $ {rm{}^3He}(K^-,Lambda p)n_{missing}$ reaction was studied at 1.0 GeV/$c$. Unobserved neutrons were kinematically identified from the missing mass $M_X$ of the $ {rm{}^3He}(K^-,Lambda p)X$ reaction in order to have a large acceptance for the $Lambda pn$ final state. The observed $Lambda p n$ events, distributed widely over the kinematically allowed region of the Dalitz plot, establish that the major component comes from a three nucleon absorption process. A concentration of events at a specific neutron kinetic energy was observed in a region of low momentum transfer to the $Lambda p$. To account for the observed peak structure, the simplest S-wave pole was assumed to exist in the reaction channel, having Breit-Wigner form in energy and with a Gaussian form-factor. A minimum $chi^2$ method was applied to deduce its mass $M_X =$ 2355 $ ^{+ 6}_{ - 8}$ (stat.) $ pm 12$ (syst.) MeV/c$^2$, and decay-width $Gamma_X = $ 110 $ ^{+ 19}_{ - 17}$ (stat.) $ pm 27$ (syst.) MeV/c$^2$, respectively. The form factor parameter $Q_X sim$ 400 MeV/$c$ implies that the range of interaction is about 0.5
We have performed an exclusive measurement of the $K^{-}+! ~^{3}{rm He} to Lambda pn$ reaction at an incident kaon momentum of $1 {rm GeV}/c$.In the $Lambda p$ invariant mass spectrum, a clear peak was observed below the mass threshold of $bar{K}!+!N!+!N$, as a signal of the kaonic nuclear bound state, $bar{K}NN$.The binding energy, decay width, and $S$-wave Gaussian reaction form-factor of this state were observed to be $B_{K} = 42pm3({rm stat.})^{+3}_{-4}({rm syst.}) {rm MeV}$, $Gamma_{K} = 100pm7({rm stat.})^{+19}_{-9}({rm syst.}) {rm MeV}$, and $Q_{K} = 383pm11({rm stat.})^{+4}_{-1}({rm syst.}) {rm MeV}/c$, respectively. The total production cross-section of $bar{K}NN$, determined by its $Lambda p$ decay mode, was $sigma^{tot}_{K} cdot BR_{Lambda p} = 9.3pm0.8({rm stat.})^{+1.4}_{-1.0}({rm syst.}) mu{rm b}$.We estimated the branching ratio of the $bar{K}NN$ state to the $Lambda p$ and $Sigma^{0}p$ decay modes as $BR_{Lambda p}/BR_{Sigma^{0}p} sim 1.7$, by assuming that the physical processes leading to the $Sigma N!N$ final states are analogous to those of $Lambda pn$.
Very recently, we have performed a couple of experiments, {it{KEK PS-E549/E570}}, for the detailed study of the strange tribaryon $S^0(3115)$ obtained in {it{KEK PS-E471}}. These experiments were performed to accumulate much higher statistics with improved experimental apparatusespecially for the better proton spectroscopy of the $^4$He({it{stopped K}}$^-$, {it{N}}) reaction. In contrast to the previous proton spectrum, no narrow ($sim$ 20 MeV) peak structure was found either in the inclusive $^4$He({it{stopped K}}$^-$, {it{p}}) or in the semi-inclusive $^4$He({it{stopped K}}$^-$, {it{p}}$X^pm$) reaction channel, which is equivalent to the previous $E471$ event trigger condition. Detailed analysis of the present data and simulation shows that the peak, corresponding to $S^0(3115)$, has been an experimental artifact. Present analysis does not exclude the possible existence of a much wider structure. To be sensitive to such structure and for better understanding of the non-mesonic $K^-$ absorption reaction channel, detailed analysis of the data is in progress.
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