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Register a new userImproved limit on electron neutrino charge radius through a new evaluation of the weak mixing angle
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We have obtained a new limit on the electron neutrino effective charge radius from a new evaluation of the weak mixing angle by a combined fit of all electron-(anti)neutrino electron elastic scattering measurements. Weak mixing angle is found to be sin^2 theta_W=0.259 pm 0.025 in the low energy regime below 100 MeV. The electron neutrino charge radius squared is bounded to be in the range -0.13 10^-32 cm^2 < r^2 < 3.32 10^-32 cm^2 at 90 % C.L. Both results improve previously published analyses. We also discuss perspectives of future experiments to improve these constraints.
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Taking into account recent theoretical and experimental inputs on reactor fluxes we reconsider the determination of the weak mixing angle from low energy experiments. We perform a global analysis to all available neutrino-electron scattering data from reactor antineutrino experiments, obtaining sin^2(theta_W) = 0.252 pm 0.030. We discuss the impact of the new theoretical prediction for the neutrino spectrum, the new measurement of the reactor antineutrino spectrum by the Daya Bay collaboration, as well as the effect of radiative corrections. We also reanalyze the measurements of the nu_e-e cross section at accelerator experiments including radiative corrections. By combining reactor and accelerator data we obtain an improved determination for the weak mixing angle, sin^2(theta_W) = 0.254 pm 0.024.
We analyze in detail the physics potential of an experiment like the one recently proposed by the vIOLETA collaboration: a kilogram-scale Skipper CCD detector deployed 12 meters away from a commercial nuclear reactor core. This experiment would be able to detect coherent elastic neutrino nucleus scattering from reactor neutrinos, capitalizing on the exceptionally low ionization energy threshold of Skipper CCDs. To estimate the physics reach, we elect the measurement of the weak mixing angle as a case study. We choose a realistic benchmark experimental setup and perform variations on this benchmark to understand the role of quenching factor and its systematic uncertainties,background rate and spectral shape, total exposure, and reactor antineutrino flux uncertainty. We take full advantage of the reactor flux measurement of the Daya Bay collaboration to perform a data driven analysis which is, up to a certain extent, independent of the theoretical uncertainties on the reactor antineutrino flux. We show that, under reasonable assumptions, this experimental setup may provide a competitive measurement of the weak mixing angle at few MeV scale with neutrino-nucleus scattering.
The E158 experiment at SLAC has made the first measurement of parity violation in electron-electron (Moller) scattering. We report a preliminary result using 50% of the accumulated data sample for the right-left parity-violating cross-section asymmetry (APV) in the elastic scattering of 45 and 48 GeV polarized electron beams with unpolarized electrons in a liquid hydrogen target. We find APV = (-160 +- 21 (stat.) +- 17 (syst.)) parts per billion, with a significance of 6.3sigma for observing parity violation. In the context of the Standard Model, this yields a measurement of the weak mixing angle, sin^2(thetaW-MSBAR)(Q^2 = 0.026 GeV^2) = 0.2379 +- 0.0016 (stat.) +- 0.0013 (syst.). We also present preliminary results for the first observation of a single-spin transverse asymmetry in Moller scattering.
After the first measurement of the coherent elastic neutrino nucleus scattering (CENNS) by the COHERENT Collaboration, it is expected that new experiments will confirm the observation. Such measurements will allow to put stronger constraints or discover new physics as well as to probe the Standard Model by measuring its parameters. This is the case of the weak mixing angle at low energies, which could be measured with an increased precision in future results of CENNS experiments using, for example, reactor antineutrinos. In this work we analyze the physics potential of different proposals for the improvement of our current knowledge of this observable and show that they are very promising.
The planned DUNE experiment will have excellent sensitivity to the vector and axial couplings of the electron to the $Z$-boson via precision measurements of neutrino--electron scattering. We investigate the sensitivity of DUNE-PRISM, a movable near detector in the direction perpendicular to the beam line, and find that it will qualitatively impact our ability to constrain the weak couplings of the electron. We translate these neutrino--electron scattering measurements into a determination of the weak mixing angle at low scales and estimate that, with seven years of data taking, the DUNE near-detector can be used to measure $sin^2theta_W$ with about 2% precision. We also discuss the impact of combining neutrino--electron scattering data with neutrino trident production at DUNE-PRISM.
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