Using the idea of transformation medium, a cloak can be designed to make a domain invisible for one target frequency. In this article, we examine the possibility to extend the bandwidth of such a cloak. We obtained a constraint of the band width, which is summarized as a simple inequality that states that limits the bandwidth of operation. The constraint originates from causality requirements. We suggest a simple strategy that can get around the constraint.
Based on the concept of complementary media, we propose an invisibility cloak operating at a finite frequency that can cloak an object with a pre-specified shape and size within a certain distance outside the shell. The cloak comprises of a dielectric core, and an anti-object embedded inside a negative index shell. The cloaked object is not blinded by the cloaking shell since it lies outside the cloak. Full-wave simulations in two dimensions have been performed to verify the cloaking effect.
An elliptical invisible cloak is proposed using a coordinate transformation in the elliptical-cylindrical coordinate system, which crushes the cloaked object to a line segment instead of a point. The elliptical cloak is reduced to a nearly-circular cloak if the elliptical focus becomes very small. The advantage of the proposed invisibility cloak is that none of the parameters is singular and the changing range of all parameters is relatively small.
The electromagnetic field solution for a spherical invisibility cloak with an active device inside is established. Extraordinary electric and magnetic surface voltages are induced at the inner boundary of a spherical cloak, which prevent electromagnetic waves from going out. The phase and handness of polarized waves obliquely incident on such boundaries is kept in the reflected waves. The surface voltages due to an electric dipole inside the concealed region are found equal to the auxiliary scalar potentials at the inner boundary, which consequently gain physical counterparts in this case.
We propose one kind of transformation functions for nonmagnetic invisibility cloak with minimized scattering on the basis of generalized transformation. By matching the impedance at the outer surface of the cloak, the transformations with two parameters are determined. To confirm the performance of the cloak, full wave simulation based on the finite element method is carried out. Furthermore, total scattering cross section is computed to better illustrate the scattering characteristics of cloak with different parameters. In addition, based on the effective media theory, alternating layered system composed of two isotropic materials is employed to realize the cloak practically.
We demonstrate in this letter a unique approach for watching outside while hiding in a carpet cloaking based on transformation optics. Unlike conventional carpet cloaking, which screens all the incident electromagnetic waves, we break the cloak and allow incident light get into the carpet. Hence outside information is detected inside the cloak. To recover the invisible cloaking, complementary techniques are applied in the broken space. Consequently, a hiding-inside-and-watching-outside (HIWO) carpet cloak is sewed, which works as a perfectly invisible cloaking and allows surveillance of the outside at the same time. Our work provides a strategy for ideal cloak with hiding and watching functions simultaneously.