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Register a new userSemidensities, Second-Class Constraints and Conversion in Anti-Poisson Geometry
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Authors
K. Bering
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We consider Khudaverdians geometric version of a Batalin-Vilkovisky (BV) operator Delta_E in the case of a degenerate anti-Poisson manifold. The characteristic feature of such an operator (aside from being a Grassmann-odd, nilpotent, second-order differential operator) is that it sends semidensities to semidensities. We find a local formula for the Delta_E operator in arbitrary coordinates. As an important application of this setup, we consider the Dirac antibracket on an antisymplectic manifold with antisymplectic second-class constraints. We show that the entire Dirac construction, including the corresponding Dirac BV operator Delta_{E_D}, exactly follows from conversion of the antisymplectic second-class constraints into first-class constraints on an extended manifold.
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Recent works have revealed that the recipe for field-antifield quantization of Lagrangian gauge theories can be considerably relaxed when it comes to choosing a path integral measure rho if a zero-order term u_{rho} is added to the Delta operator. The effects of this odd scalar term u_{rho} become relevant at two-loop order. We prove that u_{rho} is essentially the odd scalar curvature of an arbitrary torsion-free connection that is compatible with both the anti-Poisson structure E and the density rho. This extends a previous result for non-degenerate antisymplectic manifolds to degenerate anti-Poisson manifolds that admit a compatible two-form.
A general method of the BRST--anti-BRST symmetric conversion of second-class constraints is presented. It yields a pair of commuting and nilpotent BRST-type charges that can be naturally regarded as BRST and anti-BRST ones. Interchanging the BRST and anti-BRST generators corresponds to a symmetry between the original second-class constraints and the conversion variables, which enter the formalism on equal footing.
We revisit Khudaverdians geometric construction of an odd nilpotent operator Delta_E that sends semidensities to semidensities on an antisymplectic manifold. We find a local formula for the Delta_E operator in arbitrary coordinates and we discuss its connection to Batalin-Vilkovisky quantization.
The section condition of Double Field Theory has been argued to mean that doubled coordinates are gauged: a gauge orbit represents a single physical point. In this note, we consider a doubled and at the same time gauged particle action, and show that its BRST formulation including Faddeev--Popov ghosts matches with the graded Poisson geometry that has been recently used to describe the symmetries of Double Field Theory. Besides, by requiring target spacetime diffeomorphisms at the quantum level, we derive quantum corrections to the classical action involving dilaton, which might be comparable with the Fradkin--Tseytlin term on string worldsheet.
Gauge-invariant systems in unconstrained configuration and phase spaces, equivalent to second-class constraints systems upon a gauge-fixing, are discussed. A mathematical pendulum on an $n-1$-dimensional sphere $S^{n-1}$ as an example of a mechanical second-class constraints system and the O(n) non-linear sigma model as an example of a field theory under second-class constraints are discussed in details and quantized using the existence of underlying dilatation gauge symmetry and by solving the constraint equations explicitly. The underlying gauge symmetries involve, in general, velocity dependent gauge transformations and new auxiliary variables in extended configuration space. Systems under second-class holonomic constraints have gauge-invariant counterparts within original configuration and phase spaces. The Diracs supplementary conditions for wave functions of first-class constraints systems are formulated in terms of the Wigner functions which admit, as we show, a broad set of physically equivalent supplementary conditions. Their concrete form depends on the manner the Wigner functions are extrapolated from the constraint submanifolds into the whole phase space.
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