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Register a new userLattice structures of Larkin-Ovchinnikov-Fulde - Ferrell (LOFF) state
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Starting from the Ginzburg-Landau free energy describing the normal state to Larkin-Ovchinnikov-Fulde-Ferrell (LOFF) state transition, we evaluate the free energy of seven most common lattice structures such as stripe, square, triangular,Simple Cubic (SC), Face centered Cubic (FCC),Body centered Cubic (BCC) and Quasi-crystal (QC). We find that the stripe phase which is the original LO state, is the most stable phase. This result maybe relevant to the detection of LOFF state in some heavy fermion compounds and the pairing lattice structure of fermions with unequal populations in the BCS side of Feshbach resonance in ultra-cold atoms.
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We develop the Ginzburg-Landau theory of the vortex lattice in clean isotropic three-dimensional superconductors at large Maki parameter, when inhomogeneous Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov state is favored. We show that diamagnetic superfluid currents mainly come from paramagnetic interaction of electron spins with local magnetic field, and not from kinetic energy response to the external field as usual. We find that the stable vortex lattice keeps its triangular structure as in usual Abrikosov mixed state, while the internal magnetic field acquires components perpendicular to applied magnetic field. Experimental possibilities related to this prediction are discussed.
The heavy-fermion superconductor CeCoIn5 is the first material, where different experimental probes show strong evidence pointing to the realization of the Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) state. The inhomogeneous superconducting FFLO state with a periodically modulated order parameter was predicted to appear in Pauli-limited, sufficiently clean type-II superconductors already more than 40 years ago. On the other hand, CeCoIn5 is supposed to be close to a magnetic quantum critical point (QCP) showing strong antiferromagnetic (AFM) spin fluctuations (SF) at atmospheric pressure. We studied the evolution of the FFLO phase away from the influence of the strong AFM-SF by heat capacity experiments under pressure (0 GPa <= P <= 1.5 GPa, 0 T <= mu_0 H <= 14 T, and 100 mK <= T <= 4 K). Our results prove the stability of the the FFLO phase under pressure. It even expands, while the Pauli-limiting becomes weaker and the AFM-SF are suppressed. This shows the intriguing influence of the AFM-SF on the FFLO state.
We consider a two-component Fermi gas in the presence of spin imbalance, modeling the system in terms of a one-dimensional attractive Hubbard Hamiltonian initially in the presence of a confining trap potential. With the aid of the time-evolving block decimation method, we investigate the dynamics of the initial state when the trap is switched off. We show that the dynamics of a gas initially in the Fulde-Ferrel-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) state is decomposed into the independent expansion of two fluids, namely the paired and the unpaired particles. In particular, the expansion velocity of the unpaired cloud is shown to be directly related to the FFLO momentum. This provides an unambiguous signature of the FFLO state in a remarkably simple way.
Spin-polarized attractive Fermi gases in one-dimensional (1D) optical lattices are expected to be remarkably good candidates for the observation of the Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) phase. We model these systems with an attractive Hubbard model with population imbalance. By means of the density-matrix renormalization-group method we compute the pairing correlations as well as the static spin and charge structure factors in the whole range from weak to strong coupling. We demonstrate that pairing correlations exhibit quasi-long range order and oscillations at the wave number expected from FFLO theory. However, we also show by numerically computing the mixed spin-charge static structure factor that charge and spin degrees of freedom appear to be coupled already for small imbalance. We discuss the consequences of this coupling for the observation of the FFLO phase, as well as for the stabilization of the quasi-long range order into long-range order by coupling many identical 1D systems, as in quasi-1D optical lattices.
The Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) state is a superconducting state stabilized by a large Zeeman splitting between up- and down-spin electrons in a singlet superconductor. In the absence of disorder, the superconducting order parameter has a periodic spatial structure, with periodicity determined by the Zeeman splitting. Using the Bogoliubov-de Gennes (BdG) approach, we investigate the spatial profiles of the order parameters of FFLO states in a two-dimensional s-wave superconductors with nonmagnetic impurities. The FFLO state is found to survive under moderate disorder strength, and the order parameter structure remains approximately periodic. The actual structure of the order parameter depends on not only the Zeeman field, but also the disorder strength and in particular the specific disorder configuration.
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