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We point out that the already existing literature on relativistic collisionless MHD shocks show that the parameter sigma= upstream proper magnetic energy density/upstream rest mass energy density, plays an important role in determining the structure and accelerating properties of such shocks. By adopting a value of sigma= 0.002 which corresponds to the relativistic shock associated with the Crab nebula, and by using appropriate relativistic shock jump conditions, we obtain here a generous upper-limit on the value of (proper) the magnetic field, B ~ 1.5 10^{-3} eta n^{1/2} G, for gamma ray burst (GRB) blast wave. Here, eta= E/Mc^2, where E is the energy and M is the mass of the baryons entrained in the original fireball (FB), and n is the proper number density of the ambient medium. Further, we point out that, in realistic cases, the actual value B could be as low as 5 10^{-6} eta n^{1/2} G. for realistic cases.
We present a study of the intermediate regime between ultra-relativistic and nonrelativistic flow for gamma-ray burst afterglows. The hydrodynamics of spherically symmetric blast waves is numerically calculated using the AMRVAC adaptive mesh refineme
In the internal shock model for gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), the synchrotron spectrum from the fast cooling electrons in a homogeneous downstream magnetic field (MF) is too soft to produce the low-energy slope of GRB spectra. However the magnetic field m
We present detailed calculations of nonthermal synchrotron and synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) spectra radiated by blast waves that are energized by interactions with a uniform surrounding medium. Radio, optical, X-ray and gamma-ray light curves and s
We demonstrate that gamma-ray burst afterglow spectra and light curves can be calculated for arbitrary explosion and radiation parameters by scaling the peak flux and the critical frequencies connecting different spectral regimes. Only one baseline c
We show that the spectral shape of the low energy tails found for the time-integrated spectra of gamma-ray bursts, even in the absence of strong synchrotron cooling, can be significantly softer than the $ u F_ u propto u^{4/3}$ asymptote predicted b