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We give the governing equations for multiple scalar fields in a flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) background spacetime on all scales, allowing for metric and field perturbations up to second order. We then derive the Klein-Gordon equation at second order in closed form in terms of gauge-invariant perturbations of the fields in the uniform curvature gauge. We also give a simplified form of the Klein-Gordon equation using the slow-roll approximation.
Working with perturbations about an FLRW spacetime, we compute the gauge-invariant curvature perturbation to second order solely in terms of scalar field fluctuations. Using the curvature perturbation on uniform density hypersurfaces as our starting
We define a modified covariant Klein-Gordon (KG) equation containing quantum vacuum contributions arising from the self-interaction of matter with its own internal kinetic energy. The modified KG equation is exemplified for a variety of vacuum fields
The dynamical symmetries of the two-dimensional Klein-Gordon equations with equal scalar and vector potentials (ESVP) are studied. The dynamical symmetries are considered in the plane and the sphere respectively. The generators of the SO(3) group cor
In this note, we consider discrete nonlinear Klein-Gordon equations with potential. By the pioneering work of Sigal, it is known that for the continuous nonlinear Klein-Gordon equation, no small time periodic solution exists generically. However, for
We present an elementary proof based on a direct calculation of the property of completeness at constant time of the solutions of the Klein-Gordon equation for a charged particle in a plane wave electromagnetic field. We also review different forms o