ترغب بنشر مسار تعليمي؟ اضغط هنا

Interpreting the variation phenomena of B2 1633+382 via the two-component model

71   0   0.0 ( 0 )
 نشر من قبل Yunguo Jiang
 تاريخ النشر 2021
  مجال البحث فيزياء
والبحث باللغة English




اسأل ChatGPT حول البحث

Blazars are variable targets in the sky, whose variation mechanism remains an open question. In this work, we make a comprehensive study on the variation phenomena of the spectral index and polarization degree (PD) to deeply understand the variation mechanism of B2 1633+382 (4C 38.41). We use the local cross-correlation function (LCCF) to perform the correlation analysis between multi-wavelength light curves. We find that both $gamma$-ray and optical $V$-band are correlated with the radio 15 GHz at the beyond 3$sigma$ confidence level. Based on the lag analysis, the emitting regions of $gamma$-ray and optical locate at $14.2_{-2.4}^{+0}$ pc and $14.2_{-8.3}^{+8.3}$ pc upstream of the core region of radio 15 GHz, and are far away from the broad-line region (BLR). The broad lines in the spectrum indicate the existence of the accretion disk component in the radiation. Thus, we consider the two-component (TC) model, which includes the relative constant background component and the varying jet component to study the variation behaviors. The Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) procedure is adopted to study the physical parameters of the jet and the background components. To some extent, the study of normalized residuals indicates that the TC model fits better than the linear fitting model. The jet with helical magnetic field is hopeful to explain the variation, and the shock in jet model is not completely ruled out.



قيم البحث

اقرأ أيضاً

The flat spectrum radio quasar 1633+382 (4C~38.41) showed a significant increase of its radio flux density during the period 2012 March - 2015 August which correlates with gamma-ray flaring activity. Multi-frequency simultaneous VLBI observations wer e conducted as part of the interferometric monitoring of gamma-ray bright active galactic nuclei (iMOGABA) program and supplemented with additional radio monitoring observations with the OVRO 40m telescope, the Boston University VLBI program, and the Submillimeter Array. The epochs of the maxima for the two largest gamma-ray flares coincide with the ejection of two respective new VLBI components. Analysis of the spectral energy distribution indicates a higher turnover frequency after the flaring events. The evolution of the flare in the turnover frequency - turnover flux density plane probes the adiabatic losses in agreement with the shock-in-jet model. Derived synchrotron self absorption magnetic fields, of the order of 0.1mG, do not seem to dramatically change during the flares, and are much smaller, by a factor $10^4$, than the estimated equipartition magnetic fields, indicating that the source of the flare may be associated with a particle dominated emitting region.
We present multi-frequency simultaneous VLBI radio observations of the flat spectrum radio quasar 1633+382 (4C~38.41) as part of the interferometric monitoring of gamma-ray bright active galactic nuclei (iMOGABA) program combined with additional obse rvations in radio, optical, X-rays and $gamma-$rays carried out between the period 2012 March - 2015 August. The monitoring of this source reveals a significant long-lived increase in its activity since approximately two years in the radio bands, which correlates with a similar increase on all other bands from sub-millimeter to $gamma-$rays. A significant correlation is also found between radio fluxes and simultaneous spectral indices during this period. The study of the discrete correlation function (DCF) indicates time lags smaller than the $sim40$ days uncertainties among both radio bands and also high-energy bands, and a time lag of $sim$70 days, with $gamma-$rays leading radio. We interpret that the high-energy and radio fluxes are arising from different emitting regions, located at $1pm12$ and $40pm13$ pc from the central engine respectively.
The quasar-type blazar 4C 38.41 (B3 1633+382) experienced a large outburst in 2011, which was detected throughout the entire electromagnetic spectrum. We present the results of low-energy multifrequency monitoring by the GASP project of the WEBT cons ortium and collaborators, as well as those of spectropolarimetric/spectrophotometric monitoring at the Steward Observatory. We also analyse high-energy observations of the Swift and Fermi satellites. In the optical-UV band, several results indicate that there is a contribution from a QSO-like emission component, in addition to both variable and polarised jet emission. The unpolarised emission component is likely thermal radiation from the accretion disc that dilutes the jet polarisation. We estimate its brightness to be R(QSO) ~ 17.85 - 18 and derive the intrinsic jet polarisation degree. We find no clear correlation between the optical and radio light curves, while the correlation between the optical and gamma-ray flux apparently fades in time, likely because of an increasing optical to gamma-ray flux ratio. As suggested for other blazars, the long-term variability of 4C 38.41 can be interpreted in terms of an inhomogeneous bent jet, where different emitting regions can change their alignment with respect to the line of sight, leading to variations in the Doppler factor delta. Under the hypothesis that in the period 2008-2011 all the gamma-ray and optical variability on a one-week timescale were due to changes in delta, this would range between ~ 7 and ~ 21. If the variability were caused by changes in the viewing angle theta only, then theta would go from ~ 2.6 degr to ~ 5 degr. Variations in the viewing angle would also account for the dependence of the polarisation degree on the source brightness in the framework of a shock-in-jet model.
We report on quasi-periodic variability found in two blazars included in the Steward Observatory Blazar Monitoring data sample: the BL Lac object 3C 66A and the Flat Spectrum Radio Quasar B2 1633+38. We collect optical photometric and polarimetric da ta in V and R bands of these sources from different observatories: St. Petersburg University, Crimean Astrophysical Observatory, WEBT-GASP, Catalina Real-Time Transient Survey, Steward Observatory, STELLA Robotic Observatory and Katzman Automatic Imaging Telescope. In addition, an analysis of the $gamma$-ray light curves from $textit{Fermi}$-LAT is included. Three methods are used to search for any periodic behaviour in the data: the Z-transform Discrete Correlation Function, the Lomb-Scargle periodogram and the Weighted Wavelet Z-transform. We find evidences of possible quasi-periodic variability in the optical photometric data of both sources with periods of $sim$3 years for 3C 66A and $sim$1.9 years for B2 1633+38, with significances between 3$sigma$ and 5$sigma$. Only B2 1633+38 shows evidence of this behaviour in the optical polarized data set at a confidence level of 2$sigma$-4$sigma$. This is the first reported evidence of quasi-periodic behaviour in the optical light curve of B2 1633+38. Also a hint of quasi-periodic behaviour is found in the $gamma$-ray light curve of B2 1633+38 with a confidence level $geqslant$2$sigma$, while no periodicity is observed for 3C 66A in this energy range. We propose different jet emission models that could explain the quasi-periodic variability and the differences found between these two sources.
307 - R. M. Sambruna 2011
We present a long Suzaku observation of 3C 382. A Swift BAT spectrum from the 58-month survey is also analyzed, together with an archival XMM-Newton EPIC exposure. Our main result is the finding with Suzaku of a broad FeK line with a relativistic pro file consistent with emission from an accretion disk at tens of gravitational radii from the central black hole. The XIS data indicate emission from highly ionized iron and allow us to set tight, albeit model-dependent, constraints on the inner and outer radii of the disk reflecting region, r_in~10r_g and r_out~20r_g, respectively, and on the disk inclination, i~30deg. Two ionized reflection components are possibly observed, with similar contributions of ~10% to the total continuum. A highly ionized one, with log_xi~3, which successfully models the relativistic line and a mildly ionized one, with log_xi~1.5, which models the narrow Fe K line and high energy hump. When both these components are included, there is no further requirement for an additional black body soft excess below 2keV. The Suzaku data confirm the presence of a warm absorber previously known from grating studies. After accounting for all the spectral features, the intrinsic photon index of the X-ray continuum is ~1.8 with a cutoff energy at ~200keV, consistent with Comptonization models and excluding jet-related emission up to these energies. Comparison of the X-ray properties of 3C 382 and other BLRGs to Seyferts confirms the idea that the distinction between radio-loud and radio-quiet AGN at X-rays is blurred.
التعليقات
جاري جلب التعليقات جاري جلب التعليقات
سجل دخول لتتمكن من متابعة معايير البحث التي قمت باختيارها
mircosoft-partner

هل ترغب بارسال اشعارات عن اخر التحديثات في شمرا-اكاديميا