The 21-cm line of neutral hydrogen (HI) opens a new avenue in our exploration of the Universes structure and evolution. It provides complementary data with different systematics, which aim to improve our current understanding of the $Lambda$CDM model. Among several radio cosmological surveys designed to measure this line, BINGO is a single dish telescope mainly designed to detect Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) at low redshifts ($0.127 < z < 0.449$). Our goal is to assess the capabilities of the fiducial BINGO setup to constrain the cosmological parameters and analyse the effect of different instrument configurations. We will use the 21-cm angular power spectra to extract information about the HI signal and the Fisher matrix formalism to study BINGO projected constraining power. We use the Phase 1 fiducial configuration of the BINGO telescope to perform our cosmological forecasts. In addition, we investigate the impact of several instrumental setups and different cosmological models. Combining BINGO with Planck temperature and polarization data, we project a $1%$ and a $3%$ precision measurement at $68%$ CL for the Hubble constant and the dark energy (DE) equation of state (EoS), respectively, within the wCDM model. Assuming a CPL parametrization, the EoS parameters have standard deviations given by $sigma_{w_0} = 0.30$ and $sigma_{w_a} = 1.2$. We find that BINGO can also help breaking degeneracies in alternative models, which improves the cosmological constraints significantly. Moreover, we can access information about the HI density and bias, obtaining $sim 8.5%$ and $sim 6%$ precision, respectively, assuming they vary with redshift at three independent bins. The fiducial BINGO configuration will be able to extract significant information from the HI distribution and provide constraints competitive with current and future cosmological surveys. (Abridged)
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