ﻻ يوجد ملخص باللغة العربية
The spectrum of the radiation of a body in equilibrium is given by Plancks law. In plasma, however, waves below the plasma frequency cannot propagate; consequently, the equilibrium radiation inside plasma is necessarily different from the Planck spectrum. We derive, using three different approaches, the spectrum for the equilibrium radiation inside plasma. We show that, while plasma effects cannot be realistically detected with technology available in the near future, there are a number of quantifiable ways in which plasma affects cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation.
This is a summary of presentations delivered at the OC1 parallel session Primordial Gravitational Waves and the CMB of the 12th Marcel Grossmann meeting in Paris, July 2009. The reports and discussions demonstrated significant progress that was achie
We consider the general problem of charged particle motion in a strong electromagnetic field of arbitrary configuration and find a universal behaviour: for sufficiently high field strengths, the radiation losses lead to a general tendency of the char
Understanding the interaction of primordial gravitational waves (GWs) with the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) plasma is important for observational cosmology. In this article, we provide an analysis of an effect apparently overlooked as yet. We co
Overdense plasmas have been attained with 2.45 GHz microwave heating in the low-field, low-aspect-ratio CNT stellarator. Densities higher than four times the ordinary (O) mode cutoff density were measured with 8 kW of power injected in the O-mode and
In recent decades, different types of plasma sources have been used for various types of plasma processing, such as, etching and thin film deposition. The critical parameter for effective plasma processing is high plasma density. One type of high den