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We have probed the crystalline electric-field ground states of pure $|J = 7/2, J_z = pm 5/2rangle$ as well as the anisotropic $c$-$f$ hybridization in both valence fluctuating systems $alpha$- and $beta$-YbAlB$_4$ by linear polarization dependence of angle-resolved core level photoemission spectroscopy. Interestingly, the small but distinct difference between abyb was found in the polar angle dependence of linear dichroism, indicating the difference in the anisotropy of $c$-$f$ hybridization which may be essential to a heavy Fermi liquid state in $alpha$-YbAlB$_4$ and a quantum critical state in $beta$-YbAlB$_4$.
Electronic properties of V$_2$OPO$_4$ have been investigated by means of hard x-ray photoemission spectroscopy (HAXPES) and subsequent theoretical calculations. The V 1$s$ and 2$p$ HAXPES spectra are consistent with the charge ordering of V$^{2+}$ an
We have successfully observed linear dichroism in angle-resolved Yb3+ 3d5/2 core-level photoemission spectra for YbB12 in cubic symmetry. Its anisotropic 4f charge distribution due to the crystal-field splitting is responsible for the linear dichrois
We revisit the formulations and simulations of angular distributions in polarization-dependent core-level photoemission spectra of strongly correlated electron systems, in order to explain the recently discovered linear dichroism (LD) in the core-lev
We have studied disorder-induced in-gap states and effect of light illumination in the insulating phase of spinel-type CuIr$_2$S$_4$ using ultra-violet photoemission spectroscopy (UPS). The Ir$^{3+}$/Ir$^{4+}$ charge-ordered gap appears below the met
We report an angle-resolved photoemission (ARPES) study of $beta$-YbAlB$_4$, which is known to harbor unconventional quantum criticality (QC) without any tuning. We directly observe a quasiparticle peak (QP), emerging from hybridization, characterize