We consider the problem of computing a $(1+epsilon)$-approximation of the Hamming distance between a pattern of length $n$ and successive substrings of a stream. We first look at the one-way randomised communication complexity of this problem, giving Alice the first half of the stream and Bob the second half. We show the following: (1) If Alice and Bob both share the pattern then there is an $O(epsilon^{-4} log^2 n)$ bit randomised one-way communication protocol. (2) If only Alice has the pattern then there is an $O(epsilon^{-2}sqrt{n}log n)$ bit randomised one-way communication protocol. We then go on to develop small space streaming algorithms for $(1+epsilon)$-approximate Hamming distance which give worst case running time guarantees per arriving symbol. (1) For binary input alphabets there is an $O(epsilon^{-3} sqrt{n} log^{2} n)$ space and $O(epsilon^{-2} log{n})$ time streaming $(1+epsilon)$-approximate Hamming distance algorithm. (2) For general input alphabets there is an $O(epsilon^{-5} sqrt{n} log^{4} n)$ space and $O(epsilon^{-4} log^3 {n})$ time streaming $(1+epsilon)$-approximate Hamming distance algorithm.
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