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Let R be a ring (not necessarily commutative). A left R-module is said to be cotorsion if Ext 1 R (G, M) = 0 for any flat R-module G. It is well known that each pure-injective left R-module is cotorsion, but the converse does not hold: for instance, if R is left perfect but not left pure-semisimple then each left R-module is cotorsion but there exist non-pure-injective left modules. The aim of this paper is to describe the class C of commutative rings R for which each cotorsion R-module is pure-injective. It is easy to see that C contains the class of von Neumann regular rings and the one of pure-semisimple rings. We prove that C is strictly contained in the class of locally pure-semisimple rings. We state that a commutative ring R belongs to C if and only if R verifies one of the following conditions: (1) R is coherent and each pure-essential extension of R-modules is essential; (2) R is coherent and each RD-essential extension of R-modules is essential; (3) any R-module M is pure-injective if and only if Ext 1 R (R/A, M) = 0 for each pure ideal A of R (Baers criterion).
It is proven each ring $R$ for which every indecomposable right module is pure-projective is right pure-semisimple. Each commutative ring $R$ for which every indecomposable module is pure-injective is a clean ring and for each maximal ideal $P$, $R_P
A definition of quasi-flat left module is proposed and it is shown that any left module which is either quasi-projective or flat is quasi-flat. A characterization of local commutative rings for which each ideal is quasi-flat (resp. quasi-projective)
It is proved that localizations of injective $R$-modules of finite Goldie dimension are injective if $R$ is an arithmetical ring satisfying the following condition: for every maximal ideal $P$, $R_P$ is either coherent or not semicoherent. If, in add
We prove that indecomposable $Sigma$-pure-injective modules for a string algebra are string or band modules. The key step in our proof is a splitting result for infinite-dimensional linear relations.
In this paper, we introduce and study V- and CI-semirings---semirings all of whose simple and cyclic, respectively, semimodules are injective. We describe V-semirings for some classes of semirings and establish some fundamental properties of V-semiri