Evolution of Near-surface Flows Inferred from High-resolution Ring-diagram Analysis

Ring-diagram analysis of acoustic waves observed at the photosphere can provide a relatively robust determination of the sub-surface flows at a particular time under a particular region. The depth of penetration of the waves is related to the size of the region, hence the depth extent of the measured flows is inversely proportional to the spatial resolution. Most ring-diagram analysis has focused on regions of extent ~15{deg} (180 Mm) or more in order to provide reasonable mode sets for